tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-75799616393200294512024-02-20T03:33:18.269-08:00Observation essay thesisJanehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.comBlogger230125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-8991968334520454112020-08-25T01:07:00.001-07:002020-08-25T01:07:19.559-07:00An Episode from Picket Fences free essay sampleAn audit of the scene, Blood Brothers from the network show, Picket Fences. The paper examines the plot of the scene, Blood Brothers from the TV show Picket Fences. It shows that the scene contains two fundamental plots that cross more on a topical level, instead of as far as their story and in the two plots, the topic of being faithful to another individual is raised doubt about. This incessant, topical youth strife between the injuries of the law and between the heart is happened in a considerably more unmistakable manner in the scenes prevailing plot. The District Attorney must think about whether his definitive ties are to the law he has promised to maintain, as a legal advisor and as a local official, hold influence over the passionate ties he has to the individual escaping the law. Maybe this is one motivation behind why the creator picked not exclusively to integrate these two stories in a single scene, yet in addition to contact the topic of dedication by any means. We will compose a custom article test on An Episode from Picket Fences or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This contention is one, the essayist may have accepted, that each individual watcher has encountered in some way or another, in some style, all through their life. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-839594780468933552020-08-22T02:44:00.001-07:002020-08-22T02:44:09.765-07:00Leadership: An argument for advances in its developmentHuman advancement and its accomplishments, similar to the wheel, depend on the center of administration. The ebb and tide of world realms point to the reins dealt with or pulled by people who apply force and impact. In this nation, and even in the remainder of the world, the declarations and significance of authority is re-underlined from multiple points of view as a result of the quickly advancing ideal models that expect a progressively inescapable job in the general public. à This is the period of hierarchical revolution.The time is set apart with quick moves in the demography of our workforce, changing corporate culture, and evolving associations. Hierarchical structures have become progressively mind boggling and new structures have been created (Block, 1981). The administration or authority of individuals has never been as significant and critical than at any other time. Today, it is viewed as a focal figure and the way to profitability and quality particularly in a serious so ciety. In the light of the quick move in todayââ¬â¢s association, the aptitudes expected of human asset chiefs, apprentices in the calling and in any event, hopeful understudies in the order, lay on the establishment of information all in all range of HR the board, explicitly the board hypotheses applied in the setting (Kline and Saunders, 1993).The requirement for an increasingly proficient, prudent and evenhanded administration of the individuals in the business or association has never been as articulated as it is today. This need has never been achieved by factors which definitely influence not just the set up structures and methods of getting things done inside the faculty region yet additionally by the more significant and generous undertaking of dealing with the organizationââ¬â¢s most significant resource â⬠the human capital. Among these elements are: stiffer rivalry in business; fast changes in innovative, serious and financial situations; the blast of specialized and administrative information; spiraling pay and advantages cost thus numerous others. These elements have no uncertainty been answerable for the rise of the work force work as an indispensable region in the usage of corporate methodology (Bruffee, 1993).The contentions set out in this paper turns around the subject of authority: there have been proceeded with significant headways in the improvements of essential administration speculations in the previous 200 years. à One of the confirmations basically is the hypothesis advanced by Dr. Elliot Jacques, the incomparable Canadian analyst. Speculations proliferate in regards to points of view of authority. When Elliot Jacques built up the idea of imperative association; it filled in as a brought together entire framework model for what he considered viable administrative leadership.Some of the center convictions in Jacques framework, for example, infer that individuals should be repaid based on their individual bent or abilities and foreknowledge and to what extent it was before their judgment could be checked. Jacques additionally imagined that where authority masters or outer advisor like the ODs are concerned, these are just assessed and likened with speculative chemistry: as such these don't include genuine ideas or exact or intensive definitions yet rather are considered as garbage and inauthentic without a doubt. Jacques influence focuses on quite a bit of what he calls as ââ¬Å"maximum measure of individual responsibilityâ⬠and energizes on all aspects of the association, or group so far as that is concerned, to be partners and in this way have a state in the issues at hand.In authoritative conduct which is fundamental to the administration of human asset, it focuses to the request and utilization of finding out about how individuals, people, and gatherings perform, work, and work in associations. It achieves this by methods for receiving a framework approach (Demick and Miller, 1993). Unequivocal ly, it induces human association issues as far as the whole individual, bunch totality, complete association, and all out social structure. Its will likely set up improve relations by accomplishing human objectives, authoritative purposes, and social objectives (Kanter, 1999). In such a milieu, the objectives to impact change are affected by a few noteworthy variables which are significant to the general outcomes. Thus, there are normal administration practices that keep up force during the change procedure (Demick and Miller, 1993).This key framework model set forth by Jacques is an orderly way to deal with dealing with the human capital.â Those who study and utilize that information in restrictive settings are properly portrayed as experts; in them lies the essence of the calling. Mechanical age foundations search for routine and propensity achieved through normalized measures. Complex obligations are part into straightforward advances that are doled out to hierarchical situatio ns to ensure that workers are both compatible and easily supplanted. Bureaucratic chains of command are probably going to regard demonstrated assessment of explicit parts of complex administrative undertakings. Taking into account this, the image of authority is as a general rule changing as the picture of associations changes. Investigation finds out the individuals who require preparing and what abilities or execution upgrades are assigned. Points and objectives set the limitation for the instructional diagram and help accomplish the suitable learning results (Kincheloe, 1991).Peter Northouse, creator of Leadership: Theory and Practice watched the recovery of a widely inclusive aptitudes based model of administration recognized by a guide for how to arrive at effective authority in associations (Northouse, 2004). He suggested that the order of explicit aptitudes which can be improved via preparing has a natural intrigue: ââ¬Å"When administration is confined as a lot of abilities , it turns into a procedure that individuals can study and practice to turn out to be better at their jobsâ⬠(Northouse, 2004).He likewise recommends that despite the fact that the aptitudes based methodology claims not to be a quality model, it incorporates singular properties that look an extraordinary arrangement like characteristics. The demonstration of authority is additionally an activity of good thinking. In their book Unmasking Administrative Evil, Guy Adams and Danny Balfour alert against lifting the logical investigative mentality higher than every single other type of objectivity. Indeed, even as the ascent of ââ¬Å"technical sanity drove unavoidably to particular, master information, the very life blood of the professional,â⬠it likewise ââ¬Å"spawned unintended results in the territories of ethics and morals as the science-based specialized soundness sabotaged standardizing decisions and consigned moral contemplations to afterthoughtsâ⬠(Adams and Balf our, 2004).Distinguished researcher Ronald Heifetz then again, built up a meaning of initiative that considers. He keeps up that we should take a gander at authority as in excess of a way to hierarchical viability. Productivity implies getting attainable choices that execute the objectives of the association. ââ¬Å"This definition has the advantage of being commonly appropriate, however it gives no genuine manual for decide the nature or development of those goals.â⬠(Heifetz, 1994).â Heifetz proceeded to state that qualities, for example, ââ¬Å"liberty, equity, human government assistance, equity, and communityâ⬠are taught with top notch pioneers (Heifetz, 1994). It is a need at that point, the imbuement of these standards into the pioneer and from the pioneer into the organization.Reference:1. Adams, Guy B. and Danny L. Balfour, 2004.â Unmasking Administrative Evil (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, pp. 31-36.Beckhard, R. 1969. Association Development: Strategies and Mo dels, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Authorizations Department, 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ07030 USA. Square, Peter, Flawless Consulting: A Guide to Getting Your Expertise Used, University à â â â â â â Associates, San Diego, CA 1981. Bruffee, Kenneth A. Community oriented Learning: Higher Education, Interdependence, and à â the Authority of Knowledge. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1993. Demick, J. what's more, Miller, P., Development in the Workplace, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, à â â Publishers, New Jersey, 1993. Heifetz, Ronald A., 1994. Authority Without Easy Answers (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, pp. 21-22. Northouse, Peter G. 2004. Authority Theory and Practice. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, pp. 35-52. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-19404757327854726322020-07-26T19:06:00.001-07:002020-07-26T19:06:02.936-07:00Are you an admitted spring transfer If so, click here!Are you an admitted spring transfer If so, click here! Congratulations Illini, youâve been admitted!!! But what do you do now? Look no further than your admitted student checklist. In this blog Iâll be taking you through your next steps as an admitted spring transfer student. Your admitted student checklist is detailed on your myIllini account, and thatâs also where youâre going to be performing most of these tasks. Admitted Student Checklist: Accept/Decline First and foremost, either accept or decline your offer of admission. In order to accept your offer, you must submit a nonrefundable enrollment fee of $150.00. This must be done before completing most of the steps on your checklist, however, you can apply for financial aid and check the status of your financial aid, beforehand. If you applied with a fee waiver, or if you qualify for a fee waiver, you will not need to pay the enrollment fee or housing advance payment. Tip: If you paid the application fee, but you qualify for a fee waiver, go ahead and have your school counselor send a fee waiver to our office so that we can waive the enrollment fee and housing advance payment for you. NetID and Computing You also need to set up your NetID and NetID password. Youâll frequently use your NetID to access different resources on campus. In order to do this, you will need your Activation Code and University Identification Number (UIN) both of which are available through your myIllini account. Tip: Make sure that your NetID is something that youâll remember. Also, it will be part of your email address here at Illinois so make it something that you wonât be embarrassed to put on any documents, resumes, etc. Financial Aid Hopefully by this point youâve filed your Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). If not, go ahead and do that as soon as possible and make sure to have it sent to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. If you have further questions, please feel free to contact the Office of Student Financial Aid. Tuition and Payment Options Once a month, an email will be sent to your Illinois email address, reminding you to view your student account and to make any necessary payments. Please note that we do not mail any paper billing statements. To allow your parents to view and make payments for tuition, fees, and University Housing charges, you must grant them access to your student account as an Authorized Payer. If you have any further questions, please feel free to contact the University Student Financial Services and Cashier Operations Office. Housing Please refer to our Admitted Transfer FAQ for information regarding whether or not you are required to live in on-campus housing. Itâs also recommended that you consults with the Housing Information Office prior to signing a lease. If youâre required to live in on-campus housing, wait 24 hours after accepting your offer of admission and then complete your University Residence Hall contract online with your housing advance payment or apply online with a Private Certified Housing facility. Registration Youâll meet with your academic advisor prior to registering for your spring courses, and youâll have the ability to set up an individual advising/registration appointment starting in early November. The last possible date for registration appointments is January 12. Placement Tests You must complete your placement tests at least 2 weeks prior to your registration date. Placement tests will be available starting in early November. Tip: Click the link above to see which placement tests youâre required to take! Final Transcripts/Schedule Changes You must have your official final transcripts sent to the Office of Undergraduate Admissions directly from your institution. Official transcripts must contain all courses and final grades. If youâre going to be making any changes or you have made any changes to your college scheduled you should consult with our office ideally prior to making any changes. If youâve already changed your schedule submit the Course Change Form found at the bottom of your Admitted Student Checklist in your myIllini account. Required Immunizations Immunization forms must be completed and submitted to McKinley Health Center by December 1. International students may bring their completed forms to campus. I-20 Application International students who require an I-20 must submit the online I-20 application. Our SEVIS school codes are CHI214F01070000 for F-1 visa holders and P-1-00209 for J-1 visa holders. Additional Information: Student Health Insurance The Student Health Insurance Plan is assessed to every student. But if you have private health insurance, you may opt out of the Student Health Insurance Plan. You can read more about student health insurance here. Disability-Related Resources Students with disabilities must contact Disability Resources and Educational Services to request and obtain disability related services at least 6 weeks before the first day of classes. This will allow for enough time to make the necessary accommodations. Thatâs it! Pretty easy right? If you have any questions, feel free to contact our office and weâll be able to help guide you through this process. Finally, go ahead and give yourself a pat on the back because youâre now an Illini!!! Zoe Transfer Recruitment Coordinator, Undergraduate Admissions I help transfer students navigate our application and admission process. I have a background not only in admissions but also in financial aid. I'm originally from southeastern Michigan. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-35473592469808000532020-05-22T11:06:00.001-07:002020-05-22T11:06:04.289-07:00National Student Competitions in Science and Math Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-41776631852994636352020-05-08T19:57:00.001-07:002020-05-08T19:57:02.219-07:00Foreign Investment And Its Effects On Economic Development Introduction Foreign investment is a tool to foster the economic development in a country. It can be denied that foreign investment helps poor countries to boost their development faster than just only relying on domestic business. The first bilateral treaty was signed in 1959 between Germany and Pakistan. After World War II, European countries started to expand their business to the developing countries? markets. BITs were signed to give confidence to business players from developed states by offering more protection than just relying on domestic law. Before 1980, the protection of investment was the task of diplomatic negotiations, and when disputed, international customary law was in the eyes of ad hoc claims tribunals. Internationalâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦According to Vinuales, environmental considerations become more and more necessary component in foreign investment disputes.[footnoteRef:4] In addition, Sonarajah states that the emergence of environmental claims in international inve stment field started in the beginning of the 2000s where environment had been neglected in the IIAs negotiation and dispute settlement.[footnoteRef:5] The traditional BITs did not put much debate on environmental protection, but, the first regional investment treaties integrated into a free trade agreement, the NAFTA became starting point for environmental lawyers and policy makers about the possibility risks to environmental regulation.[footnoteRef:6] Even though, these treaties still put restriction to host countries to regulate the law in the purpose of environmental protection, the investor-state dispute settlement in modern BITs has managed to take into account environmental as a component in some cases.[footnoteRef:7] [4: The environment issues Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-9255868293779684072020-05-06T09:50:00.001-07:002020-05-06T09:50:34.244-07:00Long-Term Planning Free Essays ââ¬Å"Pay yourself firstâ⬠is a standard commitment device used by financial planners seeking to encourage disciplined saving and budgeting; it is also the principle underlying US payroll-deduction 401(k) plans. These plans are one of the most successful commitment devices in current use, and they are formulated such that contributions are automatically deducted from workersââ¬â¢ pay before the money can be spent. As such, saving in 401(k)-type plans would be best for my personal situation, as participation rates in 401(k)-type plans, where payroll deduction is the norm, are at least four times as high as for Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) (Mitchell and Utkus, 2004), where structured payroll deductions are uncommon. We will write a custom essay sample on Long-Term Planning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Additionally, I am given the liberty to exert some control over how my money is invested (subject to some constraints), and receive the risk and reward for those investments. Since my tax rate when I retire would be presumably higher than my tax rate before retirement, I would likewise be better off with a Roth IRA than a traditional IRA because I wonââ¬â¢t have to pay tax on my withdrawals at the higher rates. I can withdraw the money I contributed to a Roth IRA penalty-free anytime, since I already paid tax on it so the government would not care. Since I would not probably need my money I invested in Roth IRA for at least five years from now, my money will be tax-free on withdrawal. The catch is that I cannot know for sure what my tax rate would be when I retire, but I can find several online calculators that will help me compare results with a Roth IRA versus traditional IRA. Further, the new Roth IRA provisions apply even if I am covered under my employerââ¬â¢s retirement program. Lastly, the SEP proves to be a promising retirement plan based on my personal situation. Although the SEP is an employer-provided retirement plan, record-keeping and tax reporting are simplified, a plus factor for me. The higher limit in a SEP makes this plan as attractive as the profit-sharing plan, but easier and less costly to administer, which are two of my foremost criteria when choosing a fitting retirement plan for myself. WORK CITED Mitchell, O. Utkus, S. (Eds.). (2004). Pension Design and Structure: New Lessons from Behavioral Finance. Oxford, England How to cite Long-Term Planning, Essay examples Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-17845287315868115032020-04-28T06:49:00.001-07:002020-04-28T06:49:03.760-07:00The Harmful Effects of Computers and the Internet Essay ExampleThe Harmful Effects of Computers and the Internet Essay The Harmful Effects of Computers and the Internet Robin Diaz Student ID# Strayer University Abstract Computers along with the Internet have come a long way from their first uses in the military and by large corporations. Today, computers are an important part of modern life. More and more people are purchasing computers for use in the home. Whether they are surfing the web or managing their finances, computers have become a useful tool. Some parents are purchasing computers and using them as electronic babysitters for their children. They might not see the dangers of this behavior. Everyday children are becoming addicted to computers and the internet the same way a person becomes addicted to drugs. Parents have to take extra care of making sure that their children are safe on and from the computer and the Internet. There are so many dangers that face children in the virtual world. Itââ¬â¢s up to the parents to keep the kids safe from those dangers. The Harmful Effects of Computers and the Internet Over the past few years, I have noticed just how dependent my whole family is on technology. Currently in my home we have four computers with internet access, two Microsoft X-Box 360s, a Sony Playstation 2 and a Playstation 3. We will write a custom essay sample on The Harmful Effects of Computers and the Internet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Harmful Effects of Computers and the Internet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Harmful Effects of Computers and the Internet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As a wife and mother, I have to be concerned about what my family is being exposed to. I thought that as long as I spot checked what my children were doing, that they would be okay. I had mistakenly believed that my children would understand the rights and wrongs of the Internet. One day I discovered my then nine-year-old son watching pornography on the computer. I was horrified and quickly ground him. After his punishment was over, I permitted him to get back on; again he went back to the porn. His doctor was the one who told me about computer addiction and said that I had to get a handle on this. At first I wondered how he could become so addicted to the internet. It was then I realized that he was simply modeling the same behavior that he saw in our family. I know that I am on the computer from the time I get up in the morning to I go to bed. Most of this is because Iââ¬â¢m working on college work, but I realized that there are times I didnââ¬â¢t need to be on. However, my husband is another story; every morning he gets up for work two hours before he has to get ready, gets on the computer and stays there until he leaves. On the weekend, he wakes up around nine oââ¬â¢clock in the morning and on the computer until after noon. The afternoon is filled with television and video games. My children spent the entire day alternating turns on one computer. It wasnââ¬â¢t until I spoke to my sonsââ¬â¢ doctor that I realized that there was a real problem. She explained to me that my youngest son was very addicted to the computer. I knew that he had a problem, but I had failed to understand just how bad computer addiction was. There are many dangers for children on the computer, especially the internet; many of these dangers include inappropriate websites, cyber bullying, online predators, among other problems. The very first computers were created in the 1600ââ¬â¢s; but in 1939 before the first special-purpose electronic digital computer was constructed by John B. Atanasoff. The Internet was originally created by the U. S. Department of Defense in the 1960ââ¬â¢s and was originally called ARPnet [ (2011) ]. Originally, computersââ¬â¢ primary use was for the military and large corporations. In the early 1970ââ¬â¢s computers became smaller and this allowed people to purchase computers for personal use. Everyday more people are buying computers for personal uses. People use the computers to shop, manage finances, and other entertainment purposes. There is however a sinister side to computers and the Internet. More parents are allowing their children to have unlimited access to computers and the Internet. While computers aid in educational purposes, there are many dangers that inhabit the Internet. Parents have to exercise due diligence to protect their families from it. Computers donââ¬â¢t make good babysitters. Itââ¬â¢s up to the parents to keep track of what their children are doing on computers and particularly on the Internet. There are dangerous websites out there that are not appropriate for children. Many of these sites expose children to pornography and unnecessary violence that can be harmful for children. Some sites can appear to be a game site for children, but may include a link to an adult site. A study published in Sexual Addiction amp; Compulsivity (2006) stated, ââ¬Å"Youth are considered a vulnerable audience because they (a) can be easily coerced into viewing pornography or manipulated into the production of it, (b) have limited bility to emotionally, cognitively, and physiologically process obscene material they encounter voluntarily or involuntarily, (c) can be the victims of anotherââ¬â¢s pornography consumption in ways adults are often more resilient to (d) can have their sexual development negatively impacted through exposure to fraudulent and/or traumatic messages regarding sexuality and relationships, and (e) can develop unrealistic expectations about their future sexual relationsh ips through repeated exposure to fantasy-based templatesâ⬠[ (p. 131) ]. Social networking sites such as MySpaceà ® and Facebookà ® are another source of concern for parents. While these sites allow children to interact with classmates, it can also bring children into contact with less than savory people. Child molesters and pedophiles troll some of these websites and chat rooms looking for victims. Sometimes these people will target children who have unlimited access to the Internet. This can lead to children doing things that they will later regret and share information that can come back later in life to haunt them. These things could include taking pictures of themselves, nude or worse, meeting them in real life. U. S. Rep. Michael G. Fitzpatrick (R-Pa) said to The Washington Post (2007), ââ¬Å"The social networking sites have become, in a sense, a happy hunting ground for predatorsâ⬠[ (p. A. 26) ]. In July, 2007 Steve R. Houck, a registered sex offender was arrested after he solicit what he thought to be a 10-year-old daughter of a prostitute. He was actually in contact with Timothy Palachk, a police officer for Washington D. C. and a member of that departmentââ¬â¢s Internet Crimes Against Children task force [ (2007) ]. Parents need to pay attention to what their children are doing and who they are talking to on the Internet. They could think that they are talking to another child, only to discover later that this ââ¬Å"childâ⬠turns out to be a 40-some odd old pedophile with a lengthy prison record. Another problem with social networking sites is cyberbullying. It was termed by Bill Belsey, a Canadian educator and is so new the term doesnââ¬â¢t appear in Merriam-Websterââ¬â¢s online Dictionary. Cyberbullying is defined by Belsey as ââ¬Å"involving the use of information and communication technologies to support deliberate, repeated and hostile behavior by an individual or group that is intended to harm others,â⬠[ (2008) ]. This is bullying taken to a whole new scary level. This type of bullying entails using a computer to spread threatening messages, private e-mails or text messages or embarrassing photos without permission with the intent to cause harm to a victim. A story published in Our Schools/Our Selves (2008), said ââ¬Å"the media stories are already tragically familiar ââ¬â defamatory comments about teachers, or teachers being misrepresented, on Facebook; students harassed online and driven to depression or even suicide; teachers deliberately provoked in class by students only to have their reactions caught on camera phone and posted to a worldwide audience over the Internet. This type of bullying may happen off the school grounds, but it doesnââ¬â¢t hurt the victims any less. Take the case of Megan Meier, a 13-year-old girl who committed suicide because who she thought was a boy who flirted with her broke up with saying, ââ¬Å"The world would be better off without you. â⬠The worst part was that that comment was posted to MySpace , but not from a boy. It was 49-year-old Lori Drew who wanted to humiliate the child for sometimes saying mean things about Drewââ¬â¢s teenage daughter. The girl was discovered in her Dardenne Prairie, Montana home after she hung herself [ (2008) ]. Some children rely so much on computers that they develop a problem with computer addiction. About 95 percent of people who use computers, have no problems, but is about 5 percent of people who do in fact develop an Internet addiction [ (1999) ]. Patti Dangler, a reporter for the Boston Globe said it best. ââ¬Å"As the Internet has become a household presence with almost limitless choices of sites, topics, and chat rooms; it also has come to dominate some peopleââ¬â¢s lives. Researchers and clinicians increasingly are studying such consuming on-line behavior. Some see a compulsion, others even an addictionâ⬠(p. C. 1). Children are attracted to some of the games because of flashing lights and sounds that come from them. A study published in Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking (2010) explains the addiction. ââ¬Å"Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) or pathological Internet use, is a compulsive-impulsive spectrum disorder that includes five primary types of addiction: information overload (compulsive web surfing); computer addiction to programming or game playing; compulsions to online auctions; gambling or trading; and cyber-sexual/relationship addictionsâ⬠[ (p. 01) ] Mihaela Lazarescu published a study in Petroleum ââ¬â Gas University of Ploiesti Bulletin, Educational Sciences Series stating, ââ¬Å"The consequences of watching TV by children are to be found in the symptomatology of LD syndromes (Learned Disabilities) and ADHD (Attention Deficit with or without Hyperactivity Disorder), associated with numerous linguistic, writing, reading, speaking disturbances, childre n showing apathy and lack of interest for reading and having affected their memory imagination, willpower and motivation. We notice in children an increase in aggresivity, irascibility, impulsivity, lack of sensibility toward pain, violence, sleep disorders, an amplicication of anxiety and catastrophical thinking, social and emotional isolation by escaping into the virtual reality, mintal passivity, dependence, erotic materials consumption and psycho-sexual pseudo-maturisation. â⬠Simply put, children who are addicted to television and/or computers, have a harder time of adapting to the real world. Virtual worlds tend to have things that the real world doesnââ¬â¢t. Where only certain people are willing and able to purchase certain homes and cars, the virtual world allows for anyone to have the best of everything. Some games like ââ¬Å"World of WarCraftâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Simsâ⬠have ways of taking over a personââ¬â¢s life. These games allow a person to make up their own lives and characters and live through them. They are limited only by their imagination. A person can become a millionaire in a very short time, whereas in ââ¬Å"real lifeâ⬠that isnââ¬â¢t always possible. As real as the virtual world may seem, it doesnââ¬â¢t substitute for experiences in the real world. Computers and the Internet canââ¬â¢t give a person a touching hug; neither does it care if a child falls down and gets a cut. Although a child may see a virtual pet on-line and can so called ââ¬Å"playâ⬠with it, that pet isnââ¬â¢t going to sleep with them at night. This pet isnââ¬â¢t going to curl up on their bed and snuggle when the child is sick. For as real as this pet may seem it is still nothing more than an image on a computer screen and has no feelings of its own. Parents have a responsibility to protect their children; this could be from the real world or the virtual world. There are many tools out there that help parents to take back control of their childrenââ¬â¢s lives. The first thing parents should do is talk to their children. This may sound like common sense, but it is amazing just how many parents donââ¬â¢t talk to their children. A lot of parents just assume that their children know what is right and wrong on the Internet. Technology doesnââ¬â¢t raise children, parents do. Second, use parental control technology options. This is software that allows a parent to see the parameters, they wish for their children. It allows the parents to restrict their child from sending personal information, restricts e-mail activity, restrict website and the content of sites children are allowed to visit and even set up a time when the children are allowed to even be on the Internet [ (1997) ]. The parent then can make it so that the child canââ¬â¢t even access the Internet when the parent isnââ¬â¢t home. Some software will even take snapshots of the sites that the children visit and send a report to the parents to verify that the child isnââ¬â¢t access unacceptable sites. Most importantly parents need to learn to say the word, ââ¬Å"NO! Many parents especially mothers, feel guilty that they canââ¬â¢t be home as much as they would like so they tend to over indulge their children. These parents think that they are providing things for their children that they themselves couldnââ¬â¢t have as a child. Television and the Internet have good ways of making children think that they need the next gr eatest product that is created. Marita Moll stated in her article in Phi Delta Kappan (2003), ââ¬Å"itââ¬â¢s time to exercise some common sense in this area by adopting technology policies that will do the least amount of damage to childrenâ⬠[ (p. 01) ] Even though there are a lot of dangers on the Internet, as long as a parent is aware and takes steps to protect their family, there is nothing wrong with allowing children on for a couple of hours a day. Computers are great for research, paying bills, shopping, meeting with friends that have been missed over the year, or just plain entertainment. Parents just have to responsible and if they see their childââ¬â¢s behavior changing, they need to stop that child and find out what is going on. Parents canââ¬â¢t rely on computers to be electronic babysitters. Computers are tools, nothing more. Itââ¬â¢s up to the parents to have control over their children and not the children have control over the parents. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-2771829234183664352020-03-19T22:24:00.001-07:002020-03-19T22:24:03.364-07:00How to Get ReviewsHow to Get Reviews I did one of my two-minute podcasts this week on collecting reviews for books, because my mailbox is swamped with articles, podcasts, blog posts, and queries to me on how to land reviews. Just this week I heard from an author friend of mine who just released two books in a series at once. . . and still has less than ten reviews on the two combined even after the publisher sent out hundreds (yep, you read that right) of review copies. Week before last, I posted a call for reviewers on my Facebook page. I have four books with less than 100 reviews (82, 64, 51, and 47 for my last four books), and my goal this year is to reach 100 for all my books. Yes, I read reviews. Do I let a one-star destroy my day? No. Frankly, I dont breathe easy until someone has left me a pissy review, just so its out of my system. As a matter of fact, Newberry Sin has a 4.9/5 rating on Amazon, with only one three-star review. No ones or twos. Beats me why someone hasnt bashed it yet. My editor says thats because theres nothing to bash, but shes just being sweet. Nobody writes a book everybody likes. But how to get reviews? You coordinate them. You are going to learn that there are bookstore people, library people, and Amazon people, and usually, the bookstore people dont post reviews on Amazon. The anti-Amazon people wont post reviews on Amazon. Therefore, people who are active online and make Amazon purchases constitute the preferred reviewer. (Of course, if someone you know has a review column in a major publication, A close second preferred reader is a strong Goodreads person. Do they make their reading choices based upon Goodreads? Then great. Ask away, though an Amazon person will most likely also post on Goodreads. I start with social media, setting a time period in which I am seeking reviews, making it somewhat of a big deal, like an event. I offer print or ebook. Some publishers no longer do print ARCs or review copies. They are indeed pricey, especially when many requestors do not follow through. However, be prepared to send out some print copies. Yes, the cost can add up. Take note of who is doing your reviews. The plus of asking on social media or having to mail/email copies of the books is that you have their contact info. You can then follow-up and ask if they received the book a couple weeks later. This is NOT so you can push them to review. NEVER push someone to review. However, if someone does not follow-through, you know never to send them a review copy again. Common sense without breaking any cardinal rules. After nine novels, I have a list of what I call permanent reviewers. Ill send them a copy of any new release because they always review. Sometimes I ask in FundsforWriters, and other times in my author newsletter C. Hope Clark (sign up at www.chopeclark.com). This past week I sent out 40 copies. Reviews are already coming in. And I thank them. . . gush over them. These people are golden and deserve to be treated accordingly. So, in summation. . . you build relationships. Receiving a free book isnt enough. Goodness knows there are too dang many of those out there to the point that isnt a big deal. Its the back and forth, the willingness to respect and converse with anyone, the manners to say please and thank you. Its being generous and grateful. Readers love helping you if they feel appreciated, and I feel pretty darn grateful for mine. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-8097516834416273752020-03-03T14:10:00.001-08:002020-03-03T14:10:03.401-08:00Alphadon - Facts and FiguresAlphadon - Facts and Figures Name: Alphadon (Greek for first tooth); pronounced AL-fah-don Habitat: Woodlands of North America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (70 million years ago) Size and Weight: About one foot long and 12 ounces Diet: Insects, fruit and small animals Distinguishing Characteristics: Long, prehensile tail; long hind legs About Alphadon As is the case with many of the early mammals of the Mesozoic Era, Alphadon is known primarily by its teeth, which peg it as one of the earliest marsupials (the non-placental mammals represented today by Australian kangaroos and koala bears). Appearance-wise, Alphadon probably resembled a small opossum, and despite its tiny size (only about three-quarters of a pound soaking wet) it was still one of the largest mammals of late Cretaceous North America. Befitting its small stature, paleontologists believe that Alphadon spent most of its time high up in trees, well out of the way of the stomping tyrannosaurs and titanosaurs of its ecosystem. At this point, you may be wondering how a prehistoric marsupial ended up in North America, of all places. Well, the fact is that evenà modern marsupials arent restricted to Australia; opossums, to which Alphadon was related, are indigenous to both North and South America, although they had to reinvade the north about three million years ago, when the Central American Isthmus rose up and connected the two continents. (During the Cenozoic Era, after the demise of the dinosaurs, huge marsupials were thick on the ground in South America; before their extinction, a few stragglers managed to find their way via Antarctica to Australia, the only place today where you can find plus-sized pouched mammals.) Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-67513423660343229292020-02-16T05:36:00.001-08:002020-02-16T05:36:02.439-08:00PREMIER INN (UK) 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 wordsPREMIER INN (UK) 1 - Essay Example Business organisations today have to face a new challenge in their environments which is discontinuous change. This is the new type of change that does not easily fit into a pattern and very often is quite abrupt. This is what Mr. Andy Grove, the former head of Intel, calls as the nightmare moment which is crisis point at which massive change occurs and a firm must adapt quickly or fall by the wayside. In other words, discontinuous change can catch many managers unaware or flat-footed because it is not based from prior experiences or the past history of an industry. This drastic change is usually disruptive as it alters existing industry structures. In this regard, this paper deals with how Premier Inn (UK) is dealing with the changes in the hotel service industry and related industries of leisure, restaurant and tourism. Premier Inn is part of the Whitbread Hotels and Restaurants Division which in turn is a part of the still bigger Whitbread (PLC) Group. Ironically, the Whitbread br and first earned its reputation in the market as a well-regarded brewer but exited this business in 2001 to refocus itself on other revenue-growth areas, namely the restaurant and hotel business. Although it retained its wines and spirits in conjunction with night clubs, the main attention these days is on the hospitality business such that Whitbread achieved a record of sorts when it won the three coveted awards given out by the British Travel Awards (Premier Inn, 2010, p. 1) such as the ââ¬Å"Hotel Chain of the Yearâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Best Business Hotel Chainâ⬠and lastly, ââ¬Å"Best Leisure Hotel Chainâ⬠late last year (November 2010). This paper looks at present strategies of the firm and evaluates these. Discussion To have won those three prestigious awards in a short time in its existence is truly one of the great achievements of Premier Inn and successfully challenged long-standing leaders of the hotel industry such as Holiday Inn, Hilton and Marriott. Premier Inn be longs to the budget hotel category but it has been creating its own ââ¬Å"uncontested market spaceâ⬠which professors Chan Kim and Mauborgne term as blue oceans (Harvard Business Review, 2004, p. 77). This is in contrast to the usual corporate strategy based on known market spaces (or red oceans) in today's overcrowded industries with clearly defined boundaries and well-known competitive rules of the game in order to survive. The essence of the blue ocean strategy is based on a new concept of rendering the competition irrelevant by changing the rules of the game, specifically by achieving cost savings while at the same time boosting the value-for-money proposition. Within the context of this blue ocean strategy, Premier Inn is trying to duplicate what Singapore Airlines (SIA) achieved in the highly-competitive airlines industry. In particular, SIA has cost-effective operations that are even lower than most American or European budget airlines (Heracleous & Wirtz, 2010, p. 145) . Singapore Airlines has pursued two seemingly atypical and incongruous objectives deemed by most management experts as incompatible which are differentiation and cost leadership. This two-pronged or dual strategy was thought even by Prof. Michael E. Porter as eventually unsustainable in the long term because these entail contradictory investments, processes and objectives (ibid.) but SIA has proven experts otherwise. This is the same strategy being pursued now by Premier Inn. Moreover, while the company tries to achieve these twin aims, it must also contend with its avowed new corporate responsibility of pursuing environmental sustainability in the way it uses the Earthââ¬â¢s resources while gunning for increased market share and profitability for its stakeholders and employees. Premier Inn wants to alter the rules of competition in its Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-41913901524536215982020-02-02T17:07:00.001-08:002020-02-02T17:07:03.272-08:00Contract law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4Contract law - Essay Example The Law reform Commission, in its Consultation Paper titled ââ¬Å"Privity of Contract: Third Party Rightsâ⬠launched on 14 November 2006, has recommended that the rules of privity be amended such that where the parties to a contract clearly intend a third party to benefit, then that party be allowed to sue if terms are not carried out.2 Moreover, the existing exceptions to the Rule of Privity are also to be preserved. However, in view of the numerous exceptions and exclusions that exist to the Doctrine of Privity of Contract, the question that arises is whether these reforms are really necessary? As stated by Trietel, ââ¬Å"the many exceptions to the Doctrine [of Privity] make it tolerable in practice but they have provoked the question whether it would not be better further to modify the doctrine or to abolish it altogether.â⬠3 For example, one of the exceptions that exist is the provision for collateral contracts, where one of the parties to the original contract may have a collateral contract with a third party that relates to the same subject matter of the original contract. In the case of Shanklin Pier v Detel Products4 the Plaintiffs had a contract with some contractors. However these contractors recommended that the plaintiffs purchase paint from the defendants, which was guaranteed to last seven years. When it lasted for only three months, the plaintiffs sued and the Court held that despite the existing contract with the Contractors, plaintiffs could sue defendants under the collateral contract arrangement which existed, thereby allowing for action against a third party. Collateral contracts also provided the means for a third party to circumvent the doctrine of Privity in the case of Andrews v Hopkinson.5In this case the Plaintiff bought a car from a defendant who assured him that it was in good condition. The Plaintiff bought the car on a hire purchase arrangement and had it financed through a finance Company and Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-15774897131116254232020-01-25T13:30:00.001-08:002020-01-25T13:30:03.915-08:00A View Of Hindi Cinema Film Studies EssayA View Of Hindi Cinema Film Studies Essay Hindi Cinema refers to the prolific Hindi language film industry that operates mainly from Bombay, India. Characterised by music, melodrama, dance routines and extravagant production values, it is both a source of aggravation and wonder for its patrons. With enthusiastic audiences and box office success stories from all over the English speaking world, the escapist entertainment of Hindi Cinema has become a spectacle to reckon with. However, Hindi cinema seems to fall into a self induced rut ever so often. And similar to it, the film journalism in India tends to lie in a pathetic condition. With the media that thrives more on gossip and paparazzi culture, objective and analytical film journalism is something that is seen very sparsely in India. In this regard, the author Anil Saari and his posthumously published book, Hindi Cinema An Insiders View, stand out. The poet, theatre artist and journalist, Anil Saari, was Hindi cinemas most enthusiastic patron more than 3 decades ago. The book which is a compilation of his essays from the 70s to 2005(the year he died), can be seen as a tribute to one of Hindi Cinemas most enthusiastic advocate. The introduction by filmmaker and critic Partha Chatterjee enumerates Anil Saaris panache for identifying social-cultural trends within Hindi cinema. The 36 individual essays have been divided in into four different sections titled The Aesthetic Foundations of the Hindi Formula Film, Themes and Variations of Indian Cinema, Perspectives on Indian Cinema and The Makers of Popular Cinema. A personal favourite is the essay titled, What went wrong with Bhansalis Devdas?. Apart from being an extremely well written piece, the lucid arguments back the valid criticism of the movie. Without questioning Sanjay Leela Bhansalis prerogative of a brilliant director, Saari argues that Bhansalis rendition of Sarat Chandras Devdas is an anxious attempt to capture poetry on film. Saari says that Bhansalis effort to create poetry on celluloid resulted in the movie where every single moment in the film is a great emotion of high emotion, grand gestures, extraordinary feelings. Saari states that Bhansalis effort to convert every single second of the movie into a great moment resulted in the bland nature of the film. Saari also questions the need for the large scale exorbitance of the film. It is against the backdrop of the simple, everydayness of human behavior that a great film sets its dramatic surprises, narrative twists, and its heart wrenching moments. With that said, Saaris again expresses the need for a simpler and realistic portrayal of the real world in cinema. With this essay, one can observe Saaris genuine perceptiveness to the aesthetics and intricacies of film making. The other two note worthy essays The Dynamics of Tradition and Modernity in Hindi Cinema and The Compelling World of Hindi Films, overlap immensely in terms of the arguments put forward. In The Compelling World of Hindi Films, Saari speaks of how Hindi Cinema is successful in escaping the realities of poverty and the boredom of routine life. Unintentionally it affirms to status quo of the politically powerful and richer classes. His arguments are mostly echoed during the times of post-independence, where Saari understood the power of cinema as a tool in building an emerging economy. His arguments draw inspiration from the success of Bertolt Brechts plays in Europe. Perhaps, Saari hoped that Hindi cinema would produce its own version of Brecht, whose awareness of lifes struggles and politics would permeate through to the masses. Similar arguments are put forward in the essay, The Dynamics of Tradition and Modernity in Hindi Cinema. Saaris reiterates the need for the entertainment and socio-economic realities to compliment each other. In the essay he talks about how, The Indian psyche lies in the shadow of a long, callous history of economic disparities; a psyche that tries to preserve itself and its shell of bones from the wretched sea of poverty that exists all around it. The dividing line is so thin and fragile that consciousness can only lead each man to conceive of himself as an oasis in the desert. Upon deliberation, the reason for Saaris strong stance on cinema mirroring reality can be found by studying his personal background. Anil Saaris father, Arjun Arora, was the co-founder of the Communist Party of India (CPI), in Uttar Pradesh (India), and also a proactive trade union leader. Perhaps it is this this exposure to the ideology that leads him to gain in insight into the struggles and realities of the common Indian citizen of that time. It is this approach of Saaris that sets him apart from mot film journalists of is time. The biggest learning points from the essay, The Compelling World of Hindi Cinema. Hindi cinema has always challenged for being conservative and parochial, so the arguments in this essay are refreshing. Saaris arguments make one realize how even though films from the 1950s/1960s never tried altering the established social norms, it did endavour to fire the imagination of the Indian public in a subtle manner. Saari mentions how Shree 420 was successful as it blended the traditional Buddhist ideals of renunciation and sensuality and in its own inelegant way, it taught a million young Indians how to accept their natural attraction for the other sex. It is this different approach of that makes readers realize that even with all its conservatism, Hindi cinema did make an effort to introduce modern ideas in a surreptitious manner. In the essay, Can Parallel Cinema Survive, Saari appreciates and criticizes the work of parallel film makers. Saari says that the biggest grouse of the parallel films is that it failed to engage and reach out to their own target audiences. So while he is extremely appreciative of the works by Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwick Ghatak and Adoor Gopalakrishnan, he remains discontent as most of their films gained recognition internationally and failed to draw the audiences within their own countries. In the final chapter, Saari makes interesting comments about screen idols, right from the Troika to Mani Ratnam. It is in this section that one observes Saaris great love for the work of Guru Dutt. In all, there is great deal of information and insight available in Saaris book. Although, at times, it can seem slightly academic in nature, it never fails to provide an analytical point of view to its readers. Saaris essays are extremely perceptive and provide great understanding into the various trends within Bollywood. However, since some of the essays have been written decades ago, the contents and arguments of various essays are outdated and can be challenged. While it is understood that the book is a compilation of Saaris various essays, the random selection of essays have no link to one and other. While some essays such as Rags to Riches and Black Money as mainstay of Hindi Cinema could be given a miss, better categorization of essays could perhaps have given the book a better structure. Another drawback of the book is the title itself. Even though the book is titled Hindi Cinema, three of the four sections of the books contain essays pertaining to Indian Cinema where a great deal has been mentioned about South Indian Cinema, which does not classify within the bracket of Hindi Cinema. In addition, apart from being a regular film journalist, it is vague as to what categorizes Saari as an insider in Hindi Cinema. In conclusion, Anil Saaris book not only reflects on his style of writing but his passion for the art of film making. His holistic approach in films is not just confided to their content but also their aesthetics, financing and exhibition. Saaris style of appreciation and criticism without malice enhances his credibility of his critique. The essays are exceptionally informative as they are all linked to the issues of politics and history within that time. By capturing the various forms of narrative cinema, parallel cinema and popular cinema, the book is a holistic guide to Hindi Cinema over time. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-25015445857499745922020-01-17T09:53:00.001-08:002020-01-17T09:53:03.007-08:00Avila Auto Partsa. The two methods of reporting in the parent companyââ¬â¢s currency are different due to usage of different rates of exchange. Under the first method, the spot rates are to be used. Spot rates are the rates at which the transaction is carried out. This is normally a difficult approach and companies use the date on which the balance sheet and income statement is prepared. The spot is taken to be the rate of the balance sheet and other financial statements. The other method uses average rate of exchange of the period of reporting. In our case, using the two methods, we will have significant differences in the reported profits and losses. If we use the spot rate of balance sheet publication, the currency conversion factor will be 12000 pesos per dollar, whereas if we use average rate, the conversion will be done at 10,000 pesos per dollar. There will be a difference of 20 percent in the reporting. On the other hand, if the rate today has been less than the exchange rate at the beginning, the current reported figures would have been lower than those reported under first method. We should ideally use the method of spot rate at which payments are made. If it is not possible, the average rate would be better and consistent. Average can be taken for monthly figures or weekly rates to make it more accurate and representative of the realistic picture. As the income statement shows, the profits for the year were 25,000 million pesos in the local country. If it is translated to the parent companyââ¬â¢s reporting currency using the spot rate of income statement, that is 12,000 pesos = $1, we will have net profits of $2,083,333. If we use the average rate of the period, that is (8,000+12,000)/2 = 10,000 pesos per $1, we will have net profits of $2,500,000 or $2. 5 million. Under both the methods of reporting the same profits/income of the company to its parent company, the profits are quite different simply due to the currency difference and exchange rate variation over the period. The difference in profits reported is more than $0. 4 million or roughly 20 percent which may change the decisions taken at headquarters. Taking into consideration the differences in the exchange rates and conversion risk, the company should decide on a measure to select the rate of exchange to use for its reporting during the entire life of the organization. They should consistently use whatever they have decided to use over their entire life. b. Functional currency is the one in which the operational cash is generated and is normally the currency of the country where the operations are going on. If the currency of the operating country is not stable, it can not be considered as functional currency. The stability of currency means that the rate of inflation over three year period should be less than 100 percent. As in the given case, the rate of inflation is 50 percent, (from 8,000 ps per dollar to 12,000 ps per dollar), the functional currency will be peso as the operational cash flows are generated in pesos and the inflation is within the limits. If the inflation over the past two years reaches 150 %, the functional currency will be changed to the reporting currency of the parent company, which in our case is dollar. . Economic exposure for Avila can be seen by the given conversion rates and their variability over such a short period of time. Economic exposure is the effect of foreign currency rate changes to the cash flows and other measures of operational performance. The exposure for any company is affected by the industry it is operating in and the stability of the currency of its operating country and the parent company. If there is excess demand of pesos, it will push th e rates of pesos higher and vice versa. If the rate gets higher, that is there will be less pesos in a dollar, the performance in the parent companyââ¬â¢s report will be better than the situation when the exchange rate gets low. The two reporting methods will lead to significant differences in reported profits and losses to the parent company, from the operations in some other country. 3. Hedging can be a good option to protect the company against any unforeseen changes in the exchange rates. The company can make hedging I a number of ways to make itself protected against foreign exchange risk. Four positions are possible to provide such a protection using simple forward contracts and options. a. Long forward Under long forward position, the company at the operating country can take a long forward position to fix exchange rate (today) for a future date of transaction. Taking a long position means that the investor is agreeing to buy the underlying asset, at a specified price, agreed by both parties, on some future date. The contract has to be executed irrespective of what the conversion rate will be. Unlike options, none of the parties has the option to execute the contract or revoke it, but it is mandatory for both of them to carry it out. b. Short forward Short forward position can act equally well at the parent companyââ¬â¢s location. The parent company at the parent country can go to short forward position so that it can sell dollars to pesos at a rate specified today. Using both the positions they can hedge the overall loss and can be certain about the expected gains. Options provide a type of insurance against any unforeseen changes in exchange rate. The buyer of call option and the seller of put option, both have the right to exercise the option or to waste it. The maximum loss in wasting the option is restricted to the price of the option. In this way, the company can set a floor to its loss and can gain as much as it can. c. Long Call Long call allows the parent company to buy a right to buy at a specified rate at some future point in time. If the rate increases, the company will have the option to buy at a lower rate than the market going rate, if it goes down, the loss will be restricted to the price of the option and the gains can be as much as the rate goes down. . Short Put Short Put will allow the company at the operating country to enter into a position to sell a right to sell at a set rate. The working for this will be exactly in the opposite manner as the long call position. 4. Financial architecture affects the overall cost for the company. If the inflation is high and the interest rates are high for a high risk firm , the cost of obtaining financing from banks and other Financial Institutions (FIs) will be high. Equity financing or market financing will require a higher rate of return, but the firm may shift the payments to some future period. As for bank financing or debt financing, it will have to make payments to the lending institution within the given timeframe. The firms may choose to go for a certain debt to equity ratio to gain advantage of optimal capital structure to optimize their costs of capital or WACC (Weighted Average Cost of Capital). 5. Euro currency is the use of currency in some other country. This in our case refers to storage, saving of pesos in the parent country where the currency in use is dollars. This will provide the company benefits in terms of advantage in domestic interest rate regulations and other barriers to free flow of cash. Firms participate in the euro currency markets to gain the benefits from exchange rate inefficiencies and under or over valuation of some currencies. If the investments are in the parent companyââ¬â¢s currency and the operations are in the local currency of country where operations are being carried out, the exchange rate plays a vital role when calculating returns on investments for the companyââ¬â¢s investments and funding by the parent company. If the domestic currency rises in operating country, the rate of return required should be higher than normal to overcome the exchange differences and vice versa. To overcome this difference and the problems due to fluctuating exchange rates, companies enter euro-currency markets where they can keep their money in parent companyââ¬â¢s currency and convert it to functional currency as and when needed. This provides them the opportunity to maintain the required base in terms of parent companyââ¬â¢s currency. 6. Other alternatives to run a firmââ¬â¢s fund-flow mechanism are to use various swaps in the form of interest rate swaps or foreign currency swaps. MNCs can go for unbundling of their costs at headquarters to affiliate companies of subsidiaries. In this way they can divide their costs to subsidiaries. Multinationals can go for transfer pricing mechanisms to avoid taxes on their overall operations. This can be done by pricing their internally traded goods for the purpose of moving profits to low tax nations. This will provide them an overall higher profitability. Companies can also create re-invoicing centers to avoid exchange rate fluctuations. The invoice currency will be the one used rather than the operating currency. This will reduce their exposure to currency and exchange rate risk. This will increase communication costs and to some extent create an overhead whereby the overall time delays and costs will be increased. MNCs can also transfer funds to their parent companies as dividends if the local conditions and regulatory framework is favorable. The major benefits of using different mechanisms can be obtained because of differences in the tax mechanisms and tax systems in different countries. Firms, by simply moving their profits from high tax region to a low tax region can save on their overall taxes provided the costs of moving are not high enough to make it unprofitable. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-36209757220832612572020-01-09T06:15:00.001-08:002020-01-09T06:15:02.967-08:00All Quiet On The Western Front - 1398 Words Erich Maria Remarque ââ¬â was a famous German author, who created many novels, but his best-known and most representative novel is called à «All Quiet On the Western Frontà ». The novel All Quiet On the Western Front is about the First World War. It claimed millions of lives and cripped bodies and destinies of even more people. First World War also destroyed such powerful countries such as the Russian, Ottoman, German and Austro - Hungarian Empire. Knowledge of europeans, created over many hundreds of years we destroyed. Life had to be rebuilt. People`s minds were infected horror of war. Through the whole story comes the theme of war as a terrible mistake mankind. It brings death, pain, blood, sweeping away in its path state and the nation. Its victims are simply people for whom the war is unnatural, but by the will of a handful of patients mentally and physically tyrants they are involved in the lethal effect called war. In human war erased all the social, there is only ani mal fear, causing the fight to preserve his life. Eriq Maria Remarque was also a soldier during World War I, and wrote ââ¬Å"All Quite On the Western Frontâ⬠from the on behalf of Paul Brumer, a 19th years old german boy, who believed to his school teacher and went with his classmates as a volunteers. In this paper I would disscuss the transformaion of main hero and his friends, and change in their opinion about the war. Remarque starts his book with overview of main heroes. There are 8 of them: Kropp,Show MoreRelatedAll Quiet of the Western Front756 Words à |à 3 PagesPlot Summary: All Quiet on the Western Front Written by Erich Maria Remarque, All Quiet on the Western Front is the tale of a young man by the name of Paul. Paul who is nineteen years old gathers several of his friends from school and together they voluntarily join the army fighting for the Axis alliance. Before they are sent off into actual battle, they are faced with the brutal training camp. Along with this they face the cruelty of the life of a soldier. This made them question the reason forRead MoreAll Quiet on the Western Front700 Words à |à 3 PagesThe greatest war novel of all time, All Quiet on the Western Front, by Erich Maria Remarque, is a novel that depicted the hardships of a group of teenagers who enlisted in the German Army during World War 1. Enlisting right out of high school forced the teens to experience things they had never thought of. From the life of a soilder on the front line to troubles with home life, war had managed to once again destroy a group of teenagers. Throughout the novel, we saw the men of the Second CompanyRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1797 Words à |à 8 PagesTitle: All Quiet on the Western Front Creator: Erich Maria Remarque Date of Publication: 1929 Class: War Novel Anecdotal Information about Author: -Erich Maria Remarque was conceived on 22 June 1898 into a working people family in the German city of Osnabrà ¼ck to Peter Franz Remark (b. 14 June 1867, Kaiserswerth) and Anna Maria (nà ©e Stallknecht; conceived 21 November 1871, Katernberg). -During World War I, Remarque was recruited into the armed force at 18 years old. On 12 June 1917, heRead MoreAll Quiet on the Western Front943 Words à |à 4 Pages The book All Quiet on the Western Front, by Erich Maria Remarque, is about a group of 19 year old young men who are changed by the ways of war. There is paul: the main character; Tjaden: a tall, skinny locksmith, also the biggest eater; Albert Kropp: a lance-corporal and the clearest thinker; Muller: studious, intelligent, and likes school; Leer: has a preference for the girls from the prostitution houses and has a beard; Haie Westhus: a peat-digger, and big in size; Deterring: a peasant, he alwaysRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front2393 Words à |à 10 PagesAll Quiet on the Western Front: Book Review Erich Maria Remarque, author of All Quiet on the Western Front, actually fought in WWI (Remarque 297). Because of this, he was able to write this book with accurate depictions of the war. He writes how being in combat can really take a toll on a person and affect them in a negative way. He also writes of the pain and suffering that the soldiers must cope with that comes along with living in constant fear and danger. When looking at the title of theRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front2085 Words à |à 9 PagesThis essay will consider the different effects created by Erich Maria Remarque in his novel All Quiet on the Western Front. As a writer, Remarque unknowingly left his novel open to readers with completely different perspectives, and to various forms of criticism. This undoubtedly meant that every single reader had been affected by the novel in many different ways which unfortunately for Remarque may have been an effect that he never intended. This essay is divided into 5 main sections. Firstly itRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1089 Words à |à 5 Pages In Erich Maria Remarqueââ¬â¢s novel, All Quiet on the Western Front, human nature is the only abstract periphery between belligerent barbarism and justifiable violence. Through the insipid bombardments that rained shells over the Germansââ¬â¢ heads and noxious implementation of mustard gas, Remarque dexterously misleads the reader into believing that he fights in an apathetic war where all remnants of human nature and identity have been destroyed with the introduction of trench warfare. Through Paul Baumerââ¬â¢sRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1509 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"He fell in October 1918, on a day that was so quiet and still on the whole front, that the army report confined itself to a single sentence: All quiet on the Western Frontâ⬠(Remarque 296). Paul Baumer, the narrator of All Quiet on the Western Front, enlisted into the German army at a young age of nineteen with a group of friends from school. Kantorek, Paulââ¬â¢s teacher, ââ¬Å"gave us long lectures until the whole of our class went, under his shepherding, to the District Commandant and volunteeredâ⬠(RemarqueRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1129 Words à |à 5 PagesIn Erich Maria Remarqueââ¬â¢s All Quiet on the Western Front, soldiers at the front have a better idea than civilians of the true n ature of war because they have experienced the war while civilians have only read about it or listened to government propaganda. Remarque is trying to tell us that only those who experience the war can understand how awful war truly is. In All Quiet on the Western Front, the main character Paul goes back to his home, the people he meets still think that the Germans are winningRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1790 Words à |à 8 Pagessmell of cigar smoke, gunpowder, and dirt that filled the air. There was no nationalism; all Paul wanted was survival. World War I was supposed to be about nationalism and the propaganda forced upon the soldiers to feel superiority over other countries, but Paul helps to prove otherwise, as his story tells what is was like to be at the front, and how tough it was to be a soldier. ââ¬Å"All Quiet on the Western Frontâ⬠portrays war as it was actually experienced, replacing the romantic picture of glory and Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-6663937762732822342020-01-01T02:40:00.001-08:002020-01-01T02:40:03.331-08:00Deceitful Clytemnestra of Euripides Electra Essay Deceitful Clytemnestra of Euripides Electra Agamemnon returns from Troy, a victorious general, bringing home spoils, riches and fame. He is murdered on the same day as he returns. Clytemnestra, his adulterous wife, has laid in wait for her husbands homecoming and kills him whilst he is being bathed after his long journey. During the Agamemnon, large proportions of the Queens words are justifications for her action, which is very much concerned with the sacrifice of Iphigenia to the gods, in order for the fleet to set sail for Troy. Aegisthus, the new husband of the Queen Clytemnestra, and partner in the conspiracy to murder the war hero, had reasons, which stemmed from the dispute between the Houses of Atreus and Thyestes. Was theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦No blame is placed upon him by the people and they believe he slipped his neck in the strap of fate 217, only after which did his spirit become black, impure, unholy 218. The people of Mycenae, typically represented by the elders, and thus the Chorus have absolved him of blame in their minds. All their words about the leader are nothing but in praise of their king. They are nearly faint with longing for the return of their king, though we can also partly attribute this to a desire to be rid of Clytemnestra more than their wish to return to the rule of Agamemnon. They indeed emphasise the tyranny of the Queen (she commands, full of her high hopes...manoeuvres like a man 13). The sentry echoes the love for the King though (My king, Ill take your loving hand in mine 37), and the herald is similarly well disposed toward him, and he hasnt been under the yoke of Clytemnestra (he brings us light in the darkness...Agamemnon lord of men). The people absolve the King of blame over Iphigenia, and give him unconditional loyalty, but Clytemnestra rests it all upon his shoulders (girl of tears...here you are repaid 1554). She understands the grandeur of her action and the scale of it but believes that what we did was destiny 1692. Though, it is my belief that th e honourable King of Mycenae was commanded by the fates to kill his daughter, and it was by no means his will to carry Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-20414045645941982652019-12-23T22:24:00.001-08:002019-12-23T22:24:03.753-08:00Hamlet, By William Shakespeare - 1691 Words Many people base their lives on the uncertainty they place around themselves. Thus causing many problems with being able to guarantee anything in day to day life. Is it certain that one will arrive to a destination unharmed? Can anyoneââ¬â¢s safety be guaranteed? This same problem can be seen in the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare. Hamletââ¬â¢s whole life is based on uncertain ideas and in the end it collapses on him, as if he built a house on shifting sands. If there was no uncertainty in Hamlet, There would be no story line. As soon as Hamlet was told to kill Claudius, he would have killed him and avenged the murder, but because of the uncertainty he has to find out for certain what has arisen. In order to reduce uncertainty, one must ultimately research and deduce lifeââ¬â¢s choices. One is able to see where Hamlet struggles with uncertainty when he questions the reliability of the ghost, death, and the afterlife. A ghost can be deceitful, much like citizens that obtain information from misleading sources. Whether this is forming an opinion from an overheard conversation, or an article read from a paper, there is more research required to solidify oneââ¬â¢s viewpoint. The same could be said about the ghost in Hamlet because in the book, The Greenwood Companion To Shakespeare: A Comprehensive Guide For Students, Rosenblum states, ââ¬Å"His appearance is so ambiguous that not only Hamlet but also generations of scholars have questioned his authenticity.â⬠(738). Hamlet knows of no reasons toShow MoreRelatedHamlet, By William Shakespeare880 Words à |à 4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is praised as the pioneering English poet and playwright whose collection of theatrical works is regarded as the greatest artistic value throughout the history of English literature. Shakespeare delved into the spiritual and mental component of humanity and the consequences that arise from this human spirit whe n it is disputed. The most famous revenge tragedy play, Hamlet, is an excellent illustration of Shakespeareââ¬â¢s philosophical study of human nature. In Hamlet, the arguableRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare899 Words à |à 4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare, author of Hamlet, was a well-known author in the 1500s and is still popular today. He was born on April 24, 1564 in London, England. Although there were no birth records at that time, it shows he was baptized one year prior to that, which leads us to believe his birthday was in 1564 because children were normally baptized a year after their birth. Shakespeareââ¬â¢s writing style was very different than others at that time. He used many metaphors and rhetorical phrases, and most ofRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare996 Words à |à 4 PagesHamlet, written by William Shakespeare, with out a doubt holds the most famous soliloquy in English history spoken by Hamlet in Act III, scene i, lines 57-90. This soliloquy holds m uch importance to the play as a whole because it ties together the reoccurring themes of suicide and Hamletââ¬â¢s inaction portrayed by Shakespeare. Hamlet poses a problem, which is the driving force of the play: ââ¬Å"To be or not to be?â⬠(III.i.57). Shakespeare uses this logical question asked by Hamlet to drive out his underlyingRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1178 Words à |à 5 Pages In William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s play Hamlet, the protagonist suffers from struggles with major characters, especially with the women in his life. While reading the play Hamlet, Hamlet appears to be a disillusioned man. Throughout the play, Shakespeare has only casted two females: Gertrude and Ophelia. Gertrude is defined to be incestuous, naà ¯ve and cold-hearted. On the other side, Ophelia is characterized to be ignorant, innocent and fearful. After the quick marriage of his mother and evil uncle, Hamletââ¬â¢sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1308 Words à |à 6 PagesHamlet is arguably one of the greatest tragedies in all of literature and when most people think of tragic plays, they think of none other than the one who wrote it, William Shakespeare. This classic story of revenge excites itââ¬â¢s readers with its main character, Prince Hamlet, who goes through the unique human-like process of revenge that is often overlooked. Many other stories rely heavily on the logi c of good people doing good things and bad people doing bad things just for the sake of their natureRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare Essay1453 Words à |à 6 PagesHamlet by William Shakespeare explores many aspects of mankind--death, betrayal, love, and mourning. Out of these, the most prominent theme in this play is death in the form of suicide. The main character, Hamlet, finds himself questioning the quality of life and the uncertainty of the afterlife once he discovers news of his father s death and the corruption in the kingdom that follows. Ophelia, Hamletââ¬â¢s lover, is found dead later in the plot and is presumed to have committed suicide. In Hamletââ¬â¢sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1146 Words à |à 5 PagesA character so complex, enticing and fascinating, his name is Hamlet. We are all Hamlet, and that, is the argument. Hamlet is an enigmatic character with many flaws. These flaws are the ones that prove similarities between us and him. A play so popular and significant is due to its huge relevance to us as a society. In the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare uses Hamletââ¬â¢s character and metaphor to demonstrate that when one is left alone to their thoughts, these thoughts overtake reason. ConsequentlyRead MoreHamlet by William Shakespeare1456 Words à |à 6 PagesThe play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, takes place in a time where the impossible was a part of the lives of everyday people. Occurrences that people in the modern time would believe unbelievable. Yet, with just a quill and parchment Shakespeareââ¬â¢s is able to connect the past and present by weaving a plot with skill that is still unparalleled to this day. The play Hamlet this exceeds this expectation by revealing depth of Hamlets, the protagonists, character personality through the useRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1920 Words à |à 8 PagesIn the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the character Hamlet must deal with both external and internal conflict. Hamlet encounters many struggles and has trouble finding a way to deal with them. With so many corrupt people in his life, Hamlet feels as if there is no one that he can trust and begins to isolate himself from others. A result from this isolation leads Hamlet to become melancholy. Hamlet struggles with suicidal thoughts, wants to kill King Claudius, and is distraught over his motherââ¬â¢sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare900 Words à |à 4 PagesIn this story Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, there was an excessive deal of questions surrounding Hamletââ¬â¢s mental state. Claudiusââ¬â¢s nephew hadnââ¬â¢t been the same since his father passed away. Itââ¬â¢s been up for discussion as if heââ¬â¢s actually senseless surrounding the death, or the wedding between his mom and uncle. Gertrude and the King married approximately a month or two after the funeral. At this point itââ¬â¢s not actually established what the cause of his actions is. Was Hamlet at fault for Poloniusââ¬â¢s Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-55724845532050577532019-12-15T18:54:00.001-08:002019-12-15T18:54:04.162-08:005.04 Sinclair Snoop for Scoop Free Essays 5. 04 Sinclair: Snoop for Scoop! Part I: 1. Sinclair ââ¬Å"muckrakeâ⬠for social reform, by uncovering the terrible working conditions people in the meat industries were experiencing. We will write a custom essay sample on 5.04 Sinclair: Snoop for Scoop or any similar topic only for you Order Now After uncovering these terrible conditions Sinclair then wrote ââ¬Å"The Jungleâ⬠which made the public aware of the terrible unsanitary working conditions in the meat industry. Soon after, Americans demanded better regulations for the meat industry. 2. The Pure Food and Drug Act was established as a direct result of the public outcry from Sinclair novel ââ¬Å"The Jungleâ⬠. 3. As a result of his novel Sinclair wanted to opened the public eyes to the terrible working conditions people were experiencing and how the meat products were being produced. In this he hoped to see changes in meat productions such as healthier productions and working conditions. Sinclair also wanted to help promote socialism. 4. Majority of the public was mortified that their meat was filled with contaminations wanted this problem to be fixed immediately. Some on the other hand saw Sinclairââ¬â¢s book as an exaggeration of what was really going on. Many people began to stop eating meat. 5. ABC News found that the conditions at Food Lion was mortifing. Food Lion was selling food that was rotten washed them with bleach to get rid of the ordor. They also found cheese that was being gnawed at by rats. . Food Lion could not prove the findings were false. 7. The basis of Food Lionââ¬â¢s lawsuit against ABC-News was that they were charged with fraud ,trespassing, and breach of duty. 8. In the juryââ¬â¢s verdict they ruled against ABC News 9. The jurorsââ¬â¢ rationale for the verdict was that Food Lion Lion food recieved twice the amount as compensation for wages paid to producers because the jurorsââ¬â¢ believed ABC didnââ¬â¢t have to lie to get the information about Food Lion Part II: I do believe journalists have a duty to be ââ¬Å"watchdogsâ⬠for the public, but to a certain instinct. I say this because although it is apart of their profession if being a so called ââ¬Å"watchdogâ⬠for the public means breaking morals laws then it shouldnââ¬â¢t be done. But then again I feel that we have to be our own ââ¬Å"watchdogsâ⬠inorder to know whatââ¬â¢s really going on. Iââ¬â¢m not sure of the name of the person who post I responded to, but the date of the post I replied to was on Thu Oct 11 09:36:35 2012 How to cite 5.04 Sinclair: Snoop for Scoop, Papers 5.04 Sinclair Snoop for Scoop Free Essays 5. 04 Sinclair: Snoop for Scoop! Part I: 1. Sinclair ââ¬Å"muckrakeâ⬠for social reform, by uncovering the terrible working conditions people in the meat industries were experiencing. We will write a custom essay sample on 5.04 Sinclair: Snoop for Scoop or any similar topic only for you Order Now After uncovering these terrible conditions Sinclair then wrote ââ¬Å"The Jungleâ⬠which made the public aware of the terrible unsanitary working conditions in the meat industry. Soon after, Americans demanded better regulations for the meat industry. 2. The Pure Food and Drug Act was established as a direct result of the public outcry from Sinclair novel ââ¬Å"The Jungleâ⬠. 3. As a result of his novel Sinclair wanted to opened the public eyes to the terrible working conditions people were experiencing and how the meat products were being produced. In this he hoped to see changes in meat productions such as healthier productions and working conditions. Sinclair also wanted to help promote socialism. 4. Majority of the public was mortified that their meat was filled with contaminations wanted this problem to be fixed immediately. Some on the other hand saw Sinclairââ¬â¢s book as an exaggeration of what was really going on. Many people began to stop eating meat. 5. ABC News found that the conditions at Food Lion was mortifing. Food Lion was selling food that was rotten washed them with bleach to get rid of the ordor. They also found cheese that was being gnawed at by rats. . Food Lion could not prove the findings were false. 7. The basis of Food Lionââ¬â¢s lawsuit against ABC-News was that they were charged with fraud ,trespassing, and breach of duty. 8. In the juryââ¬â¢s verdict they ruled against ABC News 9. The jurorsââ¬â¢ rationale for the verdict was that Food Lion Lion food recieved twice the amount as compensation for wages paid to producers because the jurorsââ¬â¢ believed ABC didnââ¬â¢t have to lie to get the information about Food Lion Part II: I do believe journalists have a duty to be ââ¬Å"watchdogsâ⬠for the public, but to a certain instinct. I say this because although it is apart of their profession if being a so called ââ¬Å"watchdogâ⬠for the public means breaking morals laws then it shouldnââ¬â¢t be done. But then again I feel that we have to be our own ââ¬Å"watchdogsâ⬠inorder to know whatââ¬â¢s really going on. Iââ¬â¢m not sure of the name of the person who post I responded to, but the date of the post I replied to was on Thu Oct 11 09:36:35 2012 How to cite 5.04 Sinclair: Snoop for Scoop, Essay examples Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-14024067600394996922019-12-07T15:37:00.001-08:002019-12-07T15:37:04.323-08:00Philosophy Kants Universal L Essay Example For Students Philosophy Kants Universal L Essay Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of theCategorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. This formula is a two part test. First, one creates a maxim andconsiders whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rationalbeings. Second, one determines whether rational beings would will it tobe a universal law. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both prongsof the test, there are no exceptions. As a paramedic faced with adistraught widow who asks whether her late husband suffered in hisaccidental death, you must decide which maxim to create and based on thetest which action to perform. The maxim when answering a widowsinquiry as to the nature and duration of her late husbands death, oneshould always tell the truth regarding the nature of her late husbandsdeath (M1) passes both parts of the Universal Law Formation of theCategorical Imperative. Consequently, according to Kant, M1 is a moralaction. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the CategoricalImperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to allrational beings. M1 succeeds in passing the first stage. We can easilyimagine a world in which paramedics always answer widows truthfully whenqueried. Therefore, this maxim is logical and everyone can abide by itwithout causing a logical impossibility. The next logical step is toapply the second stage of the test. The second requirement is that a rational being would will this maximto become a universal law. In testing this part, you must decide whetherin every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correctaction is to tell the truth. First, it is clear that the widow expectsto know the truth. A lie would only serve to spare her feelings if shebelieved it to be the truth. Therefore, even people who would considerlying to her, must concede that the correct and expected action is totell the truth. By asking she has already decided, good or bad, that shemust know the truth. What if telling the truth brings the widow to the point where shecommits suicide, however? Is telling her the truth then a moral actionalthough its consequence is this terrible response? If telling thewidow the truth drives her to commit suicide, it seems like no rationalbeing would will the maxim to become a universal law. The suicide is,however, a consequence of your initial action. The suicide has nobearing, at least for the Categorical Imperative, on whether telling thetruth is moral or not. Likewise it is impossible to judge whether uponhearing the news, the widow would commit suicide. Granted it is apossibility, but there are a multitude of alternative choices that shecould make and it is impossible to predict each one. To decide whetherrational being would will a maxim to become a law, the maxim itself mustbe examined rationally and not its consequences. Accordingly, the maximpasses the second test. Conversely, some people might argue that in telling the widow a lie,you spare her years of torment and suffering. These supporters of whitelies feel the maxim should read, When facing a distraught widow, youshould lie in regards to the death of her late husband in order to spareher feelings. Applying the first part of the Universal Law Formation ofthe Categorical Imperative, it appears that this maxim is a moral act. Certainly, a universal law that prevents the feelings of people who arealready in pain from being hurt further seems like an excellentuniversal law. Unfortunately for this line of objection, the only reasona lie works is because the person being lied to believes it to be thetruth. In a situation where every widow is lied to in order to spare herfeelings, then they never get the truth. This leads to a logicalcontradiction because no one will believe a lie if they know it a lieand the maxim fails. .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .postImageUrl , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:hover , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:visited , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:active { border:0!important; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:active , .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715 .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7346ccd9aff74c3c4bb369b82f94e715:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Medea By Euripides EssayPerhaps the die-hard liar can regroup and test a narrower maxim. If itis narrow enough so that it encompasses only a few people, then itpasses the first test. For example, the maxim could read, When facing adistraught widow whose late husband has driven off a bridge at night,and he struggled to get out of the car but ended up drowning, and he waswearing a brown suit and brown loafers, then you should tell the widowthat he died instantly in order to spare her feelings. We can easilyimagine a world in which all paramedics lied to widows in this specificsituation. That does not necessarily mean that it will pass the second testhowever. Even if it does pass the first test, narrowing down maxim cancreate other problems. For instance circumstances may change and thepeople who were originally included in the universal law, may not beincluded anymore. Consequently you many not want to will your maxim tobe a universal law. Likewise, if one person can make these maxims thatinclude only a select group of people, so can everyone else. If youcreate a maxim about lying to widows that is specific enough to pass thefirst test, so can everyone else. One must ask if rational beings wouldreally will such a world in which there would be many, many specific,but universal, laws. In order to answer this question, one must use therational I for the statement I, as a rational being would will such aworld, not the specific, embodied I which represents you in yourpresent condition. You must consider that you could be the widow in thesituation rather than the paramedi c, then decide whether you would willsuch a universal law. I agree with the morality based on Kantian principles because it isstrict in its application of moral conduct. Consequently there is novacillating in individual cases to determine whether an action is moralor not. An action is moral in itself not because of its consequences butbecause any rational being wills it to be a universal law and it doesnot contradict itself. Regardless of what the widow does with theinformation, the act of telling her the truth, is a moral one. No onewould argue that telling the truth, if she asks for it, is an immoralthing to do. Sometimes moral actions are difficult, and perhaps in thissituation it would be easier to lie to the widow, but it would still bean immoral action that I would not want everyone to do. This picture ofmorality resonates with my common sense view of morality. If the widowsubsequently commits suicide or commits any other immoral act as aconsequence, that has no bearing on the morality of the original actionin itself. Utilitarianism would differ on this point. Utilitarianism outlines thatan action is moral if it increases the total happiness of society. Morality is based on consequences. Telling a lie to the widow wouldincrease her happiness and consequently would, at least possibly, be amoral action. Utilitarianism would also take into account the precedentset by lying; however, the analysis still rests on predicted consequencerather than on the actions intrinsic moral value. The morality oftelling the lie is on a case by case basis. In some situations, it mightbe better to tell the truth, and according to utilitarianism that wouldthen be the moral action. Unlike Kantian philosophy, one is not bound byan immutable universal law. Instead one must judge in each case whichaction will produce the most overall happiness. The problem with thisapproach is that morality loses any value as a universal or intrinsicquality. Every decision is made on an individual basis in an individualand specific situation. In fact, utilitarianism considers happiness tobe the only intrinsically valuable end. .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .postImageUrl , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:hover , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:visited , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:active { border:0!important; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:active , .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf499ba585de5d8e2909a3dd6fc64c9cf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personal: The Yemin Order Project EssayDefenders of utilitarianism claim that it maintains universality byconsidering the greatest happiness of all beings, rather than justindividual happiness. Still, the morality is based on constantlychanging and often unpredictable consequences. The requirement that oneconsider all of the consequences of an action and determine the bestpossible action through such calculations makes me reject utilitarianismas a method of determining morality. Although utilitarianism often offers the easier solution to performbecause it produces immediate gratification and allows many exceptionsto common sense moral codes, the answers it gives are unfill ing andunrealistic. Furthermore, it is difficult, if not impossible, to makeall of the required calculations beforehand. Kants solution, althoughas interpreted by Kant is sometimes overly extreme, is much better thanutilitarianism. It resonates with my moral sensibilities to considerthat actions are moral or immoral regardless of their immediateconsequences. I am willing to accept that sometimes the moral action isharder to perform, but I am unwilling to accept that morality restswithin the specifics of a situation and the possible consequences. Therefore, I consider Kants Universal Law Formation of the CategoricalImperative to be a better test of morality than Mills Utilitarianism. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-76797974563583409082019-11-30T03:19:00.001-08:002019-11-30T03:19:03.688-08:00The US Influence on the Middle East in the Post Introduction The international system after the Cold War changed the appearance of the world order drastically. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States of America remained the most powerful country in the world. Thus, the post-Cold War era is characterized by the so-called unipolarity.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The US Influence on the Middle East in the Post-Cold War Era specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The dominant position of the United States is a distinctive feature of the post-Cold War period. The relationships between the US and the Middle East underwent significant modifications too. The shift from bipolar to unipolar international system gave the USA possibility to promote the peaceful coexistence of countries in the Middle East, but the failure to resolve the Arab-Israeli conflict and the terrorist attacks on 9/11 made the USA prove its supremacy as a superpower. The International System during the Cold War The aim of the essay is to evaluate the impact of the shift from bipolar to the unipolar international system on the Middle East. Consequently, it is necessary to provide an overview of the Cold War period first. The Cold War commenced after the end of the Second World War. The timeframe of this period is 1945-1989. After the overthrow of the Naziââ¬â¢s Germany, the whole world expected to enter the era of democracy. Nevertheless, the most devastating human war gave rise to the next conflict. The principal feature of the Cold War world was the rivalry between the United Stated of America and the former USSR (Phillips 2001). One should understand that the Cold War was not a conflict only between the USA and the USSR. The whole world was divided into two parts. It was the conflict of ideologies. Several reasons preceded the development of the world order during the Cold War. The role of the USSR in the Second World War predetermined its future position. Thus, the country enlarged its territories after the war. Besides, the USSRââ¬â¢s army achieved the victory at Stalingrad, and it became the watershed moment of the war. This event changed the perception of the USSR. It was known as the country that changed the march of history. Also, the USSRââ¬â¢s ideological system began spreading in European countries. The last significant factor was that the demobilization did not concern the Red Army at the end of the war. The Soviet Union had a superiority regarding military power (CVCE 2015). At the same time, the Soviet Union damages were the most devastating. The country lost almost thirty million people during the war. Its industry was utterly ruined. The USSR had no air or navy forces. It had no nuclear weapon too. Despite all these disadvantages, the country remained the other significant power due to its contributions to the war (Painter Leffler 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The role of the United States of America in the WWII was also significant. Although the country did not have substantial losses, it contributed substantially to the achievement of the common victory. Almost all US Army was demobilized a few months before the end of the war. Nevertheless, the US Army remained the strongest in the world. The USââ¬â¢ air and navy forces were incomparable to any other in the world. Also, the economy of the country was the most powerful. The war destroyed everything in other European countries while the US retained its industrial and agricultural capacities. As a result, the dollar became the primary international currency, and the country established its position in the arena of global politics (CVCE 2015). Even more, the country benefited significantly from the war. Thus, its gross domestic product almost doubled during the period of the WWII. The country was the only producer of n uclear weapons until 1949 (Painter Leffler 2005). National Interests in the Middle East The Cold War did not begin in the Middle East. Nevertheless, the Middle East always a played a substantial part in the international affairs. Khalidi (2009) provides readers with four main points concerning the role of the Middle East in the international system during the Cold War. The author starts with the fact that territories of the Middle East have always been used for particular activities of European states. Khalidi (2009, p. 15) writes that ââ¬Ëthe Middle East was an important arena for the operation of the traditional European state system, but Middle Eastern countries were not fully accepted as a part of that systemââ¬â¢. The author provides the Ottoman Empire as the example. The Empire controlled vast areas in the southern Europe. Although European states participated in the intensive rivalry with the Ottoman Empire, the latter was not regarded as a part of the international sy stem despite its might. Khalidi (2009) also emphasizes the fact that the European countries do not want to recognize non-Christian societies as equal. The second point refers to the idea of the promotion of independence and integration. During the Cold War period, the United Nations Charter and the Covenant of the League of Nations were proclaimed. According to these treaties, countries unified as participants in the new international order. Again, some states of the Middle East were not included in these agreements. For example, the Palestinians, the Armenians, and the Kurds were not given the possibility to enjoy the international world order (Khalidi 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The US Influence on the Middle East in the Post-Cold War Era specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The third idea of the author concerns the role of the Middle Eastââ¬â¢ territories in Western rivalries. Despite changes in the international system, the Middle East remained the primary field for the struggle between two supreme powers ââ¬â the US and the Soviet Union. Thus, both states aimed at achieving dominance over the region. Khalidi (2009, p. 16) claims, ââ¬Ëstates and peoples in the Middle East were essential objects but were generally not allowed to be subjects, of international relationsââ¬â¢. The bipolar Cold War engaged such countries as Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Syria, Israel, and Egypt in the rivalry. Consequently, people and weak states were victims of the polarized world. Finally, the author points at the ineffectiveness of the international systems. The task of the international unions such as United Nations is to promote a peaceful existence of all countries. It is logical that United Nations should restrict USAââ¬â¢s intentions to became a dominant power in the Middle East. On the contrary, it seemed that such actions were even favored. The degree to which the US was allowed to ac t in Iraq and Palestine should serve as examples of the statement. Plans for the Middle East Both the United States of America and the Soviet Union had particular intentions concerning the Middle East. However, their targets were not interconnected initially. Before the development of rivalry with the USSR, Americaââ¬â¢s primary interest in the Middle East concerned oil. According to Sasley (2014), the United States produced two-thirds of the total oil output in the world. A few years later, the government realized that the source of petroleum was not endless. The only solution was to look for foreign sources of oil. Otherwise, America would lose its power. Initially, the Soviet Union had domestic motives for the expansion in the Middle East (Dannreuther 2012). As Sasley (2014) writes, all Russian czars shared the idea of the necessity to expand Russian territories. Central Asia and the Middle East were ideal areas for expansion. However, the plan was difficult to realize because of crucial differences between nations. Also, Communists were afraid of potential rebels. The competition between countries began when both the US and the Soviet Union realized the need to prevent the expansion of the rival state. Haliday (2005) differentiates four stages of the Cold War that are characterized by particular effects on the Middle East.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The first phase commenced immediately after the end of the WWII in 1945 and lasted until 1955. The conflict occurred in the ââ¬Å"northern tierâ⬠ââ¬â non-Arab countries (Turkey and Iran) that underwent massive devastation from both the USSR and the USA (Harbutt 2010). During the second stage, the USSR enhanced the power of several radical countries of the Middle East including Syria, Iraq, and Egypt. At the same time, the USA supported Jordan and Saudi Arabia (conservative countries). This period resulted in deep crisis known as the ââ¬Å"Arab Cold Warâ⬠(Immerman Goedde 2013). The next stage started in 1975 and lasted until 1985. It was the period of the most intense rivalry between the US and the USSR. During that phase, the relationships between countries of the Middle East aggravated. It resulted in the protracted Afghanistan war. According to Ajami (1978), such situation led to the end of the pan-Arabism. The decline of the Muslim order and unity was caused by rivalry between the US and the USSR, the Palestine defeat, the Six Day War, and the Arab-Israeli conflict. The last stage had positive effects on the Middle East. Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the USSR. He promoted the idea of ââ¬Å"new thinkingâ⬠. As Zubok (2007, p. 304) writes, ââ¬Ëthis man [Mikhail Gorbachev] did more than anyone else to the end of the Cold War between East and Westââ¬â¢. Gorbachevââ¬â¢s political activity resulted in the recognition of Israel by PLO, the end of the Iraq-Iran war, the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, and the unity of two Yemens (Haliday 2005). The International System during the Post-Cold War Period The Cold War ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union. As a result, only one major power left ââ¬â the USA. The international system shifted from bipolar to unipolar. The end of the Cold War had both positive and adverse effects on the world and the Middle East, in particular. On the one hand, the rivalry b etween ideologies ended. Consequently, conflicts between them ended too. On the contrary, other conflicts arose, especially in post-Soviet areas (Yilmaz 2008). Monteiro (2012) defines three distinctive features of the unipolar system. First, an inter-state system presupposes the peaceful coexistence of many states. Second, the unipolar system is anarchic. Anarchy means the inability to control all places in the world at the same time. Third, power is not balanced in the unipolar system due to the lack of competition. Once there is a competitive force, it is no longer a unipolar system. The impact of the USAââ¬â¢s dominance on the Middle East The history of the Middle East changed drastically since the end of the Cold War. The United States of America increased its hegemony in the Middle East region. There were no rivals to oppose the country. As a result, countries of the Middle East fell under the influence of the US. The history of the USAââ¬â¢s impact on the Middle East dur ing the post-Cold War era concerns four major events. These events include the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, the Israeli-Palestinian Declaration of Principles, terrorist attack on September 9 in 2001, and the occupation of Iraq in 2003. All these experiences are extremely controversial from the point of view of their effectiveness and necessity. On the one hand, the US promoted peace in the Middle East and opposed terrorist organizations. On the contrary, the US followed particular national purposes and interfered in the political system of the Middle East. In the following part of the paper, all main events will be examined separately. The Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait Saddam Hussein, being the president of Iraq, initiated the invasion of Kuwait by Iraqi troops in 1990. Hussein engaged one hundred thousand troops to invade small Kuwait. The latter had no more than fifteen thousand troops to oppose Iraqi forces (Rice 2009). The reason for conflict referred to Iraqââ¬â¢s urgent need to sta bilize its economy. After the war in 1988, Iraq was bankrupt. Kuwait was rich in oil resources. Iraqââ¬â¢s government claimed to Kuwait as a territory of Iraq. Initially, the United Stated did not interfere in the conflict. Together with UN, they imposed sanctions on Iraq and followed the policy of condemnation. Nevertheless, such reaction did not bring any result. Later, Saudi Arabia, the neighbor of Kuwait, asked the US to provide military assistance. The US became interested in the protection of Kuwait as far as it was close to Saudi Arabia. As far as Kuwait was not far from Saudi Arabiaââ¬â¢s oil fields, Hussein had the opportunity to seize them as well. Consequently, there was a need to react adequately. The US initiated the mission known as Operation Desert Storm to prevent the invasion (Gulf War, n.d.). Kuwait was liberated although the conflict was not resolved. This event aggravated the relationships between Iraq and the US. On the other hand, the US protected rights of the state and promoted peace in the Middle East. The Israeli-Palestinian Declaration of Principles The US participated in the long-lasting Arab-Israeli conflict since its inception. In the post-Cold War period, the US aimed at promoting peace in both Israel and Palestine. The interference of the US positively affected this issue. The USA, being the superpower, did not need Israel to oppose the Soviet Union anymore. At the same time, Palestine lost the support of the USSR and was more open to collaboration (Ross 2010). Consequently, the USA promoted the collaboration. The USA insisted on negotiations. As a result, both countries recognized each other according to the Israeli-Palestinian Declaration of Principles in 1993. (Beinin Hajjar 2014). Unfortunately, armistice did not last for a long time. In September 2000, the second intifada (military resistance) started again. This event became one of the prerequisites that changed the USââ¬â¢s attitude towards the Middle East. 9/11 and the US occupation of Iraq in 2003 Terrorist attacks in 2001 altered the USAââ¬â¢s intentions towards the Middle East. At September 11, two hijacked planes were purposely directed into twin towers of the World Trade Centre (McGoldrick 2004). This event was extremely stressful for the whole world. It undermined hope into bright future. The superpower of the world, the USA, turned out to be vulnerable to terrorist attacks. As Rice (2008, p. 5) stated, the United States of America supported the Middle East for sixty years, but ââ¬Ëafter September 11, it became increasingly apparent that this old bargain had produced false stabilityââ¬â¢. This event made President Bush proclaim the War on Terror and change the foreign policy towards the Middle East. The USA aimed at proving its superiority and ability to protect residents of the country. Events of 9/11 were directly connected to the occupation of Iraq in 2003. President Bush accused Saddam Hussein in the organization of the terrorist attack. Nevertheless, these claims remained unproven though they led to the invasion of Iraq. According to Hinnebusch (2007), there were other motives for the invasion. The advantageous location of the Middle East countries and the hegemony over oil market were unacceptable for the USA. Besides, the country faced the urgent need to increase its oil bases. Iraq had the second largest reserve of petroleum in the world. As far as Saddam Hussein hold the office of president, it was impossible to come to the agreement. Thus, the war with Iraq as a terrorist country was the ideal solution to the problem. Conclusion During the Cold War, the rivalry between the USA and the Soviet Union aggravated the situation in many countries in the Middle East. The end of the Cold War led to the formation of one superpower, the USA, and its dominance in the international arena. The USA assisted the Middle East in opposing Iraqââ¬â¢s invasion of Kuwait and resolving the Israeli-Palestinian c onflict. Nevertheless, the terrorist attacks on September 11 changed the USAââ¬â¢s foreign policy drastically. Reference List Ajami, F 1978, ââ¬ËThe End of Pan-Arabism,ââ¬â¢ Foreign Affairs, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 355-373. Beinin, J Hajjar, L 2014, Palestine, Israel, and the Arab-Israeli Conflict. Web. CVCE 2015, The Cold War. Web. Dannreuther, R 2012, ââ¬ËRussia and the Middle East: A Cold War Paradigm,ââ¬â¢ Europe-Asia Studies, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 543-560. Gulf War n.d.Web. Haliday, F 2005, The Middle East in International Relations, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Harbutt, F 2010, Yalta 1945: Europe and America at the Crossroads, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Hinnebusch, R 2007, ââ¬ËThe American Invasion of Iraq: Causes and Consequences,ââ¬â¢ Perceptions, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 9-27. Immerman, R Goedde, P 2013, The Oxford Handbook of the Cold War, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Khalidi, T 2009, Sowing Crisis, Beacon Press, Boston. McGoldrick, D 2 004, From 9-11 to Iraq War 2003, Hart Publishing, Oxford. Monteiro, N 2012, ââ¬ËUnrest Assured,ââ¬â¢ International Security, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 9-40. Painter, D Leffler, M 2005, Origins of the Cold War, Routledge, London. Phillips, S 2001, The Cold War: Conflict In Europe and Asia, Heinemann, Frankfurt. Rice, C 2008, ââ¬ËRethinking the National Interest: American Realism for a New World,ââ¬â¢ Foreign Affairs, vol. 87, no. 4, pp. 1-10. Rice, E 2009, Overview of the Persian Gulf War, 1990, Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc., Newark. Ross, S 2010, The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Hachette, Paris. Sasley, B 2014, The Cold War in the Middle East, Mason Crest, Broomall. Yilmaz, M 2008, ââ¬ËThe New World Order: an Outline of the Post-Cold War Era,ââ¬â¢ Turkish Journal of International Relations, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 44-58. Zubok, V 2007, A Failed Empire: A Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. This essay on The US Influence on the Middle East in the Post-Cold War Era was written and submitted by user Houston Hendricks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-67711716742755520812019-11-25T23:53:00.001-08:002019-11-25T23:53:04.112-08:00ACT Registration Dates and Deadlines (2019, 2020)ACT Registration Dates and Deadlines (2019, 2020) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips To ensure you have asolid ACT study plan, you must firstfamiliarizeyourself with ACT registration dates.What and when are the most important ACT deadlines?How can knowing these deadlines benefit you as a test taker? In this article, we go over upcoming ACT registration dates and examine the general patterns of ACT registration deadlines. We also discuss the differences in deadlines for late registration, standby registration, and changes to your test reservation before wrapping up with a look athow you can use ACT deadlines to your advantage. When Are ACT Registration Dates for 2019 and 2020? ACT registration dates are typicallyfive weeks and one day before each test. For the February and July test dates (the July date is a new addition to the ACT testing schedule as of 2018), ACT registration dates are usually four weeks and one dayprior to their respective test dates. In other words, eachACT registration deadline falls on a Friday around amonth before eachtest. The table below presents upcoming ACT registration deadlines and test dates for 2019 and 2020. All of these dates have been officially confirmed by ACT, Inc.Note that the late registration deadlines apply to testing sessions in the U.S. and Canadaonly. ACT Test Date Normal ACT Registration Deadline Late ACT Registration Deadline Standby Request Deadline September 14, 2019 August 16, 2019 August 30, 2019 September 6, 2019 October 26, 2019 September 20, 2019 October 4, 2019 October 18, 2019 December 14, 2019 November 8, 2019 November 22, 2019 December 6, 2019 February 8, 2020 January 10, 2020 January 17, 2020 January 31, 2020 April 4, 2020 February 28, 2020 March 13, 2020 March 27, 2020 June 13, 2020 May 8, 2020 May 22, 2020 June 5, 2020 July 18, 2020* June 19, 2020 June 26, 2020 July 10, 2020 **Not scheduled internationally or in New York or California. The normal ACT registration dates are the latest dates on which you can register for the ACT without having topay a latefee.Once a normal registration deadline has passed, you can still register for that test during itslate registration period; however, you'll have to pay a late fee of $30. If you miss the late registration deadline, you can sign up for standby testing by paying a standby fee of $53. The standby period begins immediately after the late registration deadline and continues until exactly eight days before the test date. Standby requests are not guaranteed and are only available on a first-come, first-served basis. But what abouthow early you can register for the ACT? ACT testing years follow school years from fall to summer; thus,registration opens for all ACT test dates in a testing year every July. This means that starting this July, youââ¬â¢ll be able to register for any 2019-2020 ACT test date, from as early as the September 2019 test date to as late as the July 2020 test date. Now that weââ¬â¢ve covered the basics of ACT registration dates, letââ¬â¢s take a look at some of thekey ACT deadlines and fees you'll need to know before signing up for a test session. There goes that two-dollar bill you've been saving since you were 5. Important ACT Deadlines Fees In addition to normal ACT registration deadlines, there are also deadlines for phone registration, late registration, standby testing, and changes to test reservations. The following table presents an overview of these major ACT deadlines and the fees associated with them. Please note that no matter when or how you register for the ACT, you must alwayspay a test registration fee, whichwill be either $50.50 for the ACT without Writing or $67 for the ACT with Writing. (If you qualify for an ACT fee waiver, however, you won't have to pay this fee.) Deadline Fee Normal Registration Typically 5 weeks and 1 day before test date;4 weeks and 1 day before February and July test dates $0 Phone Registration* Same as normal registration deadlines $15 Late Registration (U.S. Canada only) Typically 2 weeks after normal registration deadline;1 week after normal registration deadlines for February and July test dates $30 Standby Request Typically 8 days before test date $53** Test Date Changes No later than thelate registration deadline for your preferred test date $30*** Test Center Changes No later than thelate registration deadline for your test date $30*** *To register by phone, you need tohave previously registered for the ACT. **This fee, along with the registration fee, will be refunded to you if you are not given a seat on test day. ***Late fees still apply if you are submitting your request after the normal registration period has already passed. Next, we'll look at the benefits of knowing ACT registration dates. What Do ACT Registration Deadlines Mean for YOU? So farweââ¬â¢ve given youa list of upcoming ACT registration datesalong with a detailed overview of ACT deadlines and fees. But what can you actually do with all of this information? For one, knowing ACT registration dates allows you to choose a test date ahead of time and avoid paying any late fees. Whileyou certainly don't need tomemorize all of the ACT deadlines above, knowthis:normal registration deadlines are usually about a month before their respective test dates. As long as you can remember this fact,youââ¬â¢ll always be able toplan out your ACT schedule accordingly and avoid spending more money than you need to on the test. On a related note, if you'relooking to save as much money as possible, try to regard each normal registration deadline as the latest possible deadline. This way youââ¬â¢ll never be tempted to fork out extra money for late registration or standby testing. ACT registration deadlines also give youa rough idea as tohow much study time youââ¬â¢ll have beforeyour test. For example, if you were to register for an ACT test date right before its normal registration deadline, you'd only have amonth or so to study for the test. Even more challenging, let's sayyou were to register for an ACT test date at the end of the late registration period. In this case, you'donly have aboutthree weeks to prepare for the test - and you'd have to pay a $30 late fee on top of that! Although both of these ACT prep plans are technically feasible, three or four weeks isnââ¬â¢t a whole lot of study time. Instead, werecommend spending anywhere fromtwo to six monthsstudying for the ACT. Therefore,it's best to registerat least a month before your desired test dateââ¬â¢s normal registration deadline. Doing this guarantees you a minimum of eight to nine weeks for dedicated ACT prep. Ultimately, unless a certain ACT testdate is your last opportunity to take the test before your college applications are due, it'll be best for you to avoid registeringlate! Whatââ¬â¢s Next? Need help choosing an ACT test date? No matter your grade level or college plans,our full guide toACT test datesoffers premier adviceon how to pinpointthe ACT test date (or dates!) that'll work perfectly for you. Ready to get started?Register for the ACT usingour step-by-step guide! Andif you're home-schooled, we've got you covered, too! Want to learn more about upcoming ACT test dates? Our article on future ACT test dates tells you everything you need to know about taking the ACT in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-10673560988858941822019-11-22T07:16:00.001-08:002019-11-22T07:16:03.658-08:00Being Virtuous Though Confucius, Krishna and Socrates Essay Example for Free Being Virtuous Though Confucius, Krishna and Socrates Essay From the beginning of time, the quest of all humans has been to discover how to live the good life. What is a good life exactly? This term will mean different things to different people, and yet I believe there are the same ingredients that all ââ¬Å"good livesâ⬠share, even from the classic Eurasian time until present day. Virtues of character, which are also called ââ¬Ëmoral virtuesââ¬â¢, seem to be more complex and are an integral part of the completeness of life that is said is necessary for a good life. There seems to be a pattern with people of always trying to achieve being a good person. Is being a good person the answer to having a good life? The Author, Robert W. Strayer makes the point that Confucius, Krishna and Socrates had opinions of ways to a good life but they are all different from one to the other. I will argue that there is a pattern between the three and that the belief to the good life is the same throughout the writings. The saying that history repeats itself is certainly true, but it is also true that people all want to live good lives. Confucius believes living a good life is being virtuous and treating others with respect creates the kind of person that then is given the good life. Being a leader he believed that ruling under an iron fist didnââ¬â¢t create people that respected him and that listened to the law, instead using kindness and sincerity gave the people an example of how to live. He says, ââ¬Å"Let him be ? nal and kind to all; then they will be faithful to him. Let him advance the good and teach the incompetent; then they will eagerly seek to be virtuousâ⬠(pg. 218). He also goes on to describe forgiveness which is an essential component in all of the opinions on what is a good life. If one is not being virtuous they can change, which tells us that people are never intended to be perfect but to continue to strive for goodness is always better than to never attempt to be good. That same ideal is true to our modern world. ââ¬Å"To subdue oneââ¬â¢s self and return to propriety is perfect virtue. If a man can for one day subdue and return to propriety, all under heaven will ascribe perfect virtue to himâ⬠(pg. 219). According to Confucius seeking to be virtuous will bring the good life. In Strayers words he associates the ideas of Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita as being different than those of Confucius. I believe that essentially they are one in the same. Krishna says, ââ¬Å"a man possessed of a pure understanding, controlling his self by courage discarding sound and other objects of sense, casting off affection and aversion, who frequents clean places, who eats little, whoââ¬â¢s speech, body, and mind are restrained who is always intent with meditation and mental abstraction and has recourse to unconcern who abandoning egoism, stubbornness, arrogance, desire, anger and all belongings, has no thought that this or that is mine, and who is tranquil becomes fit for assimilation with the Brahmahâ⬠(pg. 21). Krishna is telling us that controlling oneââ¬â¢s self and the environment one keeps oneââ¬â¢s self in, the abandonment of being stubborn and arrogant all contributes to a virtuous soul, which in turn leads to the good life. This point is exactly what Confucius and Krishna share the same opinion finding that mean or middle ground, that balance or yin and yang, is essential to establishing a completeness which develops virtue is vital in order to lead a successful, fulfilling life ultimately leading to happiness. Socrates also collaborates these same thoughts He states, ââ¬Å"For I do nothing but go about persuading you all, old and young alike, not to take thought for your persons and your properties, but ? rst and chie? y to care about the greatest improvement of the soulâ⬠(pg. 223). He spent his life trying to convince people to strive to be better people. This is one of the most important things to do in order to find happiness. Socrates believed that the state of oneââ¬â¢s soul is the answer to happiness and that there is always improvement that can be made to oneââ¬â¢s soul. His mission was to encourage people to think for themselves and thus become more virtuous. Socrates was sentenced to death and as he is near his final moments He says, ââ¬Å"The dif? culty, my friends, is not in avoiding death, but in avoiding unrighteousnessâ⬠(pg. 223). He also shared the same ideas of Confucius and Krishna that living righteously is the key to the good life. In conclusion what creates a good life for an individual person? It appears to be the same answer that Confucius, Krishna and Socrates had during each of their lives. They learned the same thing that people look for and believe in today. We continue to search for the same answers, but I think the answers are very clear in what history tells us and we learn from these brilliant men, Confucius, Krishna, and Socrates. To be virtuous is having a life with moral integrity and having or showing moral goodness or righteousness. It means being honorable to others and yourself in which will gain the honor and respect from others. Virtue is a belief used to make moral decisions. It does not rely on religion, society or culture; it only depends on the individuals themselves. Virtue has more to do with the character of a person than their earthly riches and possessions. As people continual strive to become a better people, practicing virtuous acts regularly helps develop the good life and they are examples to others striving for the same thing. I believe in what Confucius, Krishna and Socrates taught us, that being a good person is the foundation on which everything else in life is built on, and this I believe is the answer to having the good life. Being Virtuous Though Confucius, Krishna and Socrates. (2016, Oct 02). Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-66043361145756221182019-11-20T21:24:00.001-08:002019-11-20T21:24:08.557-08:00Depression Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 wordsDepression Research Paper - Essay Example As a mood or affect or emotional state, depression is part of normal human experience. Feelings of sadness and disappointment are within the vicissitudes of the normal human condition. The distinction between normal mood and abnormal depression is not always clear, although considerable research on diagnostic criteria is underway, and neither psychiatrists nor other clinicians agree on the precise line between normal and psychopathological affective phenomena. Diagnosis is especially difficult for the large number of patients with episodes of mood change in which a recent precipitating event appears significant, especially since clinicians tend to credit depressive reactions to such stressful events when they are apparent. As a pathological symptom, depression often occurs in association with other psychiatric and medical illnesses, which makes precise diagnosis even harder. For example, in elderly people the differential diagnosis between early senile dementia and depression may be difficult. The term "secondary depression" has been proposed to encompass these symptomatic depression states. In clinical psychiatric practice, however, most depressive symptoms are "primary," that is, without apparent association with preexistent or concomitant illness. Each year, between 4 and 8 percent of the population experiences a clinical depressive syndrome, a constellation of symptoms in which the mood disturbance is accompanied by sleep difficulty, change in appetite, retardation of thinking, and attitudes of hopelessness, helplessness, pessimism, and even suicidal tendencies. Moreover, since these symptoms often persist, the diagnostic criteria embodied in the third edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, known as DSM-III, require at least two weeks' duration of such symptoms, plus evidence that their intensity and pervasiveness have impaired the individual's usual social role performance and personal activities. (Brett Silverstein, Emily Blumenthal, 1997). THE BIOLOGY OF DEPRESSION The human brain is extremely sophisticated; indeed, it is far more complicated and versatile than even the most powerful modern computer. It contains in excess of 100 billion brain cells, known as neurones, each of which is connected to many other neurones. If you look at them under a microscope, neurones appear as thin wires connecting little blobs of brain tissue. However, even with strong magnification the neurone-to-neurone connections, known as synapses, are not apparent. Synapses can be electrical but the majority are chemical. A signal from one part of the brain travels to another-as a series of electrical impulses-along neurones. Where two neurones meet, the signal is carried across the synapse by the release of a tiny balloon-like packet of 'neurotransmitter', in which a message-carrying chemical is carefully packaged. Once released into the synapse this balloon immediately ruptures, releasing its chemical contents, which are then free to quickly migrate across the synapse Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-89981359944958331542019-11-19T01:09:00.001-08:002019-11-19T01:09:03.396-08:00Pathopharmacology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsPathopharmacology - Essay Example There are left-ventricular, right-ventricular, acute, and chronic heart failures. An estimated 70 percent of the patient populations have been found to have systolic heart failure (Mann, 2010). Additionally, the most common etiology of the systolic heart failure is ischemic heart disease. The pure diastolic heart failure may be caused by hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and both hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathies. Clinical manifestation of heart failure include weight gain, dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, peripheral edema, JVD, tachycardia, hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, fatigue, weakness, nausea, poor appetite, renal hypoperfusion, and chachexia. Neurohormonal responses to heart failure are adaptive at first, and then become deleterious when they are sustained. Modern treatment of heart failure is based on neurohormonal modulation. (Steimle, 2007) Management of heart failure is a very complex issue that is why heart failure care needs to be delivered in a multi-professional manner. Although the standard of practise of managing heart failure has some consensus among healthcare providers, I based my heart failure disease management on the clinical guidelines that I developed at my organization. Using the clinical guidelines I was able to identify, summarize, and evaluate the highest quality evidence and most current data about prevention, diagnose, prognoses, and provide therapy including medications and cost-effectiveness. Using my clinical guidelines that I developed in the place I worked, I noted that there are four stages in the heart failure development namely stage A, B, C, and D. According to McDonagh et al. (2011), those patients who are in stage A and B usually do not have heart failure. However, they have risk factors that predispose them towards heart failure development. Patients in stage C comprise of those people with current or past Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-60402660691005230112019-11-16T13:40:00.001-08:002019-11-16T13:40:05.814-08:00Violence against women Essay Example for Free Violence against women Essay Doctors have a big role on violence against women. For example; women are afraid of their husbands and they donââ¬â¢t tell the truth to the doctors. They lie about their injuries. How does the process work in Turkey? The cause of the injuries can be understood by the doctor in the emergency services and the other branches which the victims call upon. The experienced doctors have some methods to determine whether the injury is caused by pounding or a accident. The doctors have a huge role because women are afraid to tell that they are being pounded. However if the victims trust their doctors, they feel much more free to tell their problems. This is valid for all of the doctors but it is more important for the psychiatrist because getting beated is shameful and women are afraid of being isolated from the society. In our society there is a understanding that what happens in the family stays in the family. Therefore even the polices are afraid to interfere. The families hesitate to externalize it because they are afraid of bad reputations. They donââ¬â¢t want to dechiper it. Violence has a contagious side so it is cover by the families to stop it for getting serious. When it is covered, the perpetrators donââ¬â¢t understand the power of the victims. Violence is a act that is applied by the stonger ones to the weaker ones. To feel the weaknesness and the desperation of the weaker ones, provokes the violence. Actually it is a though situation for the perpetrators too. The perpetrator should be examined because getting some help can relax them. For example, a girl and a boyââ¬â¢s mother is being exposed to violence by their father,how does the situation affect the children? It affects them differently. First of when it is examined, it is seen that the perpetrator had eaxposed to violence in the past. For some cases, the perpetrator identifies with their perpetrators. However for some cases, it damages the witness and cause depression and anxiety. Or it causes not physical violence but verbal violence.For example insulting.It is much more difficult to treath. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7579961639320029451.post-27870120229804629522019-11-14T02:11:00.001-08:002019-11-14T02:11:03.490-08:00Old Navy and the Infantilization of the American Consumer :: Exploratory Essays Research PapersOld Navy and the Infantilization of the American Consumer It is certain that the Old Navy store is full of clothes and accessories for all shapes, sizes and genders. Its presupposition, however, is that all shapes, sizes and genders will be of one primary inclination: that of the infant. In front of me as I peruse the Old Navy is a pink purse with metallic flecks infused into its plasticine construction. I find this purse in the "Woman's" section, next to the display rack full of puffy-sleeved t-shirts, whimsically cut blouses, flare pants and lo-rider blue-jeans embroidered with alarmingly cute curlicues. All this is, appropriately enough for a consumer juggernaut like Old Navy, sized to fit the adult woman. What is revealed in the Old Navy is an ideology, objectification of the self-as-consumerist entity, indeed of the child-as-consumer to a patriarchal Capitalism. Althusser asks it this way: Why do [people] "need" this imaginary transposition of their real conditions of existence in order to "represent to themselves" their real conditions of existence? (241) In the case of Old Navy, the answer lies in the combined natures of Capitalism and the infantilist regression it engenders. Capitalist objectification of the self, the subjectification of Althusser, begins with the Old Navy ad. Here, kindly old mother-figures or warm and attractive young women assure us in their slightly lobotomized ways that shopping at the Old Navy is "fun," that their cargo pants are all the rage, that their carpenter jeans are the perfect thing. The representation of the self as Platonic form in the person of the model on the television screen recreates the self as consumer object: [I]t is not their real condition of existence, their real world that "men" "represent to themselves" in ideology, but above all it is their relation to those conditions of existence which is represented to them there. (Althusser 242) Ideology is created by the double-movement of idealization and desire. The model, the idealized Capitalist figure for the self, creates its own ideological structure as a means to selfing, as an objectified desired on the official apparatus of the communication and creation of Capitalist ideology, the television screen: [H]is ideas are his material actions inserted into material rituals which are themselves defined by material ideological apparatus from which derive the ideas of that subject, (Althusser 243) that subject of ideology, that objectified self. Thus the consumer is removed from the self by the ideological system of the Old Navy ad. Janehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04527762079045651835noreply@blogger.com0